Introduction Zoonotic intestinal parasites are prevalent around the world. One of the most common and studied is transmitted by the microscopic protozoan‚ Giardia intestinalis‚ also known as G. lamblia and G. duodenalis (Ivanov‚ 2010). This eukaryotic parasite is responsible for the transmission of the most common waterborne disease‚ giardiasis‚ which causes watery diarrhea‚ vomiting‚ and has even been linked to irritable bowl syndrome (Ankarklev et. al. 2010). Since its discovery in 1681‚ Giardia
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The Molecules of Cells (Chapter 3 in your textbook) Without water and carbon-based molecules‚ no life as we know it! Carbon: The Backbone of Life • Living organisms consist mostly of carbon-based compounds Also‚ H‚ N‚ O‚ P‚ and S…… • Carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large‚ complex‚ and diverse molecules. Why? Principal source of carbon on Earth? • Proteins‚ DNA‚ carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all composed of carbon. C21H36N7O16P3S Coenzyme
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The Heart • What does it generate? • Why is that so important? • Found in the… • Apex points at… • Base points at… • Sits atop the… • Medial to… • Anterior to the… • Posterior to the… Fibrous Pericardium • Made of… • Encloses. • Stabilizes. • Prevents... Serous Pericardium • Deep to the… • 2 layers • Parietal pericardium • Visceral pericardium • Pericardial cavity. 3 Layers of the Heart Wall • Epicardium • Myocardium • Endocardium. Heart Chambers
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Schistosomiasis is also known as bilharziasis in respect to the German physician Theodore Bilharz who first described the cause of urinary schistosomiasis in 185‚ is second only to malaria in public health importance. The first doctor who described the entire life cycle of the disease was Brazilian parasitologist Piraja da Silva in 1908. The first known case of infection was discovered in 2014‚ in a child who lived 6‚200 years ago. It was a common cause of death for Ancient Egyptians in the Greco-Roman
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Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue Graphics are used with permission of: Pearson Education Inc.‚ publishing as Benjamin Cummings (http://www.aw-bc.com) Page 1. Introduction • Skeletal muscle cells have unique characteristics which allow for body movement. Page 2. Goals • To compare and contrast smooth muscle cells‚ cardiac muscle cells‚ and skeletal muscle cells. • To review the anatomy of skeletal muscle. • To examine the connective tissue associated with the skeletal muscle.
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Β2-adrenoreceptors and stimulate the adenylate cyclase through signal-transducing G protein‚ increasing cyclic adenosine 3’5’-monophosphate (cAMP)‚ activating protein kinase A. This will mediate smooth-muscle relaxation through phosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase and by opening Ca2+- dependent K+¬ (KCa) channels which relieve bronchoconstriction in asthma. Lastly‚ mediator antagonists such as H1- antihistamines are used to treat allergic reaction by binding to the H1 receptor‚ thus preventing
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the ________ system controls brain and spinal cord central The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles. autonomic parasympathetic afferent sympathetic somatic somatic The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to the CNS is designated autonomic. motor. afferent. efferent. somatic. afferent The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervates: glandular cells heart muscle cells smooth muscle cells skeletal muscle cells All of
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PSC 101 EXAM 2 Study Guide Part 1- Sensory Systems 1. Sound can best be thought of as a) compression of air molecules by an object. b) changes in air pressure produced by the vibration of an object. c) particles of energy that travel at better than 20 miles per hour. d) packets of energy. e) expansion of air molecules produced by an object as it moves through air. 2. The loudness of a sound is related to a) the amplitude of sound vibration. b) the distance between the successive
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Blood Cells Leukocytes (WBC’s) Leukocytes also known as white blood cells (WBCs) are cells which play a defensive roll in the body against injury and infection. They migrate towards tissues where they are needed and become functional performing various activities. WBCs can be divided into 2 groups: Polymorphonuclear granulocytes and mononuclear agranulocytes. Both types are spherical while suspended in blood plasma but when they invade tissues after leaving the blood vessels they become amoeboid
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Human bioenergetics has dependably been an exceptionally intriguing‚ yet complex point. In any case‚ knowing the fundamentals on how our bodies create vitality can be exceptionally valuable when additionally talking about weakness. A basic thought to recollect is that muscle compression is because of a particle called ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP must be available for muscles to contract. There are three frameworks of energy that create ATP: Phosphocreatine system‚ the glycolytic system‚ or
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