reactions by which these antacids neutralize the HCl in stomach acid. Compound Chemical Formula Chemical Reaction Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 Al(OH)3(s) + 3 HCl(aq) -----> AlCl3(aq) + 3 H2O(l) Calcium carbonate CaCO3 CaCO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) -----> CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Magnesium carbonate MgCO3 MgCO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) -----> MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 HCl(aq) -----> MgCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l) Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 NaHCO3(aq) + HCl(aq) -----> NaCl(aq)
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want inorganic ions floating around in our final product. After the reaction is complete‚ steam bath is required to separate the two layers of mixture. Lower layer is extracted since it’s aqueous layer filled with H2SO4‚ HNO3 and H2O. Add Et2O‚ aq Na2CO3 and water to multiply the product so that it can be extracted again. Bottom aqueous layer loaded with Na+‚ HCO3-‚ Cl- is extracted using Pasteur pipet. Dry the product with CaSO4 thoroughly. This step is important because if there’s any water residue
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solution becomes more yellow as the more ONPG is being degraded. Using spectrophotometry‚ the absorbance of the solution can be determined at a wavelength of 420nm. The assays will help determine the Km‚ Vmax‚ and Kcat of the enzyme. In our assays‚ Na2CO3 is used to stop the reactions by changing the solution pH to basic and as a result the enzyme will become inactive. The
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tubes‚ centrifuge‚ a medicine dropper‚ a filter paper‚ a filter funnel‚ a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ a watch glass‚ a drying oven‚ a spatula and a red litmus paper. The chemicals we need were 20mL of 2.0M HCl‚ a calcium-enriched tablet and 25mL of 1.0M Na2CO3 solution.
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Energetics Worksheet 1. Calculate a value for the Lattice Energy of Calcium Chloride from the following data. Draw energy cycles Std. Enthalpy of Formation of CaCl2 = - 795 kJ/ mol Std. enthalpy of atomisation of calcium = + 177 kJ/mol Std. enthalpy of atomisation of Chlorine = +121 kJ/mol 1st ionisation energy of calcium = +590 kJ/mol 2nd ionisation energy of calcium = +1100 kJ/mol Electron Affinity of chlorine = -364 kJ/mol 2. Draw Born-Haber cycles and calculate the L.E. of Cu2O and CuO
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Abstract: The topic of this research involved the occurrence of genetic transformation in bacteria (E. Coli). More specifically‚ a previously prepared pGLO plasmid--which consisted of the gene to be cloned--was used to transform non-pathogenic bacteria. The pGLO plasmid contained a gene for the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) from a bioluminescent jellyfish and a gene for resistance to ampicillin‚ an antibiotic. Essentially‚ we wanted to determine the conditions of the bacteria that would glow.
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this experiment was to isolate ß-carotene‚ chlorophyll-A‚ and chlorophyll-B from spinach using column chromatography. Spinach was dehydrated using ethanol‚ and the pigments were extracted with dichloromethane. The spinach extracts were dried using CaCl2. Then‚ the solid pigments were run through a column using a non-polar solvent‚ hexane. The polar absorbent material in the column separated the different pigments by allowing the least polar molecules to travel through the column faster than the more
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nitrate forms gelatinous white ppt. which is soluble in excess. But lead nitrate forms chalky white ppt. With ammonium hydroxide which is in soluble in excess. Q5. Give a chemical test to distinguish between the following a)Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) &Sodium sulphite (Na2SO3) using dil.HCl Ans: Sodium carbonate forms CO2 gas with dil.HCl‚ it turns lime water milky but no effect on K2Cr2O7 (potassium dichromate) paper. Sodium sulphite forms SO2 gas which turns lime water milky and also turns
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greater than 50° C. Our results displayed 5.70% 2‚4-dinitrotoluene and 1.53% 2‚6-dinitrotoluene. The compound is mixed with diethyl ether to isolate the organic products. This resulted in a light yellow mixture. It was then washed twice with 5% Na2CO3 because it is an ionic solution (more ionic than water) and will bond to the H+ ions. This resulted in a bright yellow mixture. Anhydrous CaSO4 is used as a drying agent. It absorbs all of the H2O in the mixture. If H2O is present‚ then the product
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Data Table: Record your observations in the following table Na3PO4 NaI Na2SO4 NaCl NaHCO3 Na2CO3 NaOH Co(NO3)2 Precipitated a blue color NR NR NR Turned a milky purple color Precipitated a light purple color Precipitated a light blue color Cu(NO3)2 Precipitated a light blue color Precipitated a dark amber color NR NR Precipitated a light blue color Precipitated a light green color Precipitated a light blue color Fe(NO3)3 Precipitated a light milky yellow color Turned a dark black
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