solution becomes more yellow as the more ONPG is being degraded. Using spectrophotometry‚ the absorbance of the solution can be determined at a wavelength of 420nm. The assays will help determine the Km‚ Vmax‚ and Kcat of the enzyme. In our assays‚ Na2CO3 is used to stop the reactions by changing the solution pH to basic and as a result the enzyme will become inactive. The
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tubes‚ centrifuge‚ a medicine dropper‚ a filter paper‚ a filter funnel‚ a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ a watch glass‚ a drying oven‚ a spatula and a red litmus paper. The chemicals we need were 20mL of 2.0M HCl‚ a calcium-enriched tablet and 25mL of 1.0M Na2CO3 solution.
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nitrate forms gelatinous white ppt. which is soluble in excess. But lead nitrate forms chalky white ppt. With ammonium hydroxide which is in soluble in excess. Q5. Give a chemical test to distinguish between the following a)Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) &Sodium sulphite (Na2SO3) using dil.HCl Ans: Sodium carbonate forms CO2 gas with dil.HCl‚ it turns lime water milky but no effect on K2Cr2O7 (potassium dichromate) paper. Sodium sulphite forms SO2 gas which turns lime water milky and also turns
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greater than 50° C. Our results displayed 5.70% 2‚4-dinitrotoluene and 1.53% 2‚6-dinitrotoluene. The compound is mixed with diethyl ether to isolate the organic products. This resulted in a light yellow mixture. It was then washed twice with 5% Na2CO3 because it is an ionic solution (more ionic than water) and will bond to the H+ ions. This resulted in a bright yellow mixture. Anhydrous CaSO4 is used as a drying agent. It absorbs all of the H2O in the mixture. If H2O is present‚ then the product
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Data Table: Record your observations in the following table Na3PO4 NaI Na2SO4 NaCl NaHCO3 Na2CO3 NaOH Co(NO3)2 Precipitated a blue color NR NR NR Turned a milky purple color Precipitated a light purple color Precipitated a light blue color Cu(NO3)2 Precipitated a light blue color Precipitated a dark amber color NR NR Precipitated a light blue color Precipitated a light green color Precipitated a light blue color Fe(NO3)3 Precipitated a light milky yellow color Turned a dark black
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Carbonate Ammonium Sulphate + Water + Carbon Dioxide H2SO4(aq) + (NH4)2CO3(aq) (NH4)2SO4(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Nitric acid + Sodium Carbonate Sodium Nitrate + Water + Carbon Dioxide 2HNO3 (aq) +Na2CO3(aq) 2NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium Carbonate Magnesium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide 2HCl(aq)+ MgCO3(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) (4.6) Solubility of Ionic Compounds – Learn the solubility
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9.5 – Industrial Chemistry (Option): Δ. Construct word and balanced formulae equations of all chemical reactions as they are encountered in this module: The EQUILIBRIUM Constant: For the basic reversible reaction‚ depicted as: aA + bB cC + dD; Uses of SULFURIC ACID: Fertiliser Production: Creating ammonium sulfate: sulfuric acid + ammonia ammonium sulfate H2SO4 (aq) + 2NH3 (aq) (NH4)2SO4 (aq) Dehydrating Agent: Dehydration of ethanol: ethanol ethylene + water C2H5OH (l) C2H4 (g) + H2O (l) Dehydration
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Appendix APPENDIX 1 Chemical tests for functional groups Homologous series/ Typical compound Functional group(s) Alkanes CH3CH3 ethane C – C and C–H Alkenes CH2 = CH2 ethene C=C Chemical tests/Observations Add liquid bromine in ultraviolet light (or sunlight): White fumes of HBr liberated; decolourisation of bromine occurs slowly (a) Add Br2 in CCl4 at room temperature: Decolourisation of bromine occurs immediately CH2 = CH2 + Br2 → CH2BrCH2Br (b) Add acidified
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to yellow brown | double-displacement reaction | FeSo4(aq) + KMnO4 (aq) = KMnSo4 + FeO4 ( 8 H2SO4 + 2 KMnO4 + 10 FeSO4 = 5 Fe2(SO4 )3 + 2 MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O) | 10. Blue litmus changes to red; base becomes acid. | acid-base reactions | Na2CO3 +2HCl -> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 | TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS POST-LAB QUESTIONS 1. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) was added to the test tube containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Why was this added? The MnO2 acts like a Catalyst in H2O2 speeding
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LAB REPORT 5 – ACID/BASE CHEMISTRY No credit will be given for this lab report if the Data section is not completely filled out and if the required photographs are not received. At least one photograph must show the student’s face. NOTE: This experiment is rather lengthy. Plan accordingly. OBJECTIVES 1. Define strong electrolyte‚ weak electrolyte‚ nonelectrolyte‚ acid‚ base‚ salt‚ strong acid‚ weak acid‚ strong base‚ weak base‚ and neutralization reaction. 2. Compare and contrast the chemical
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