contract. If an agent attempts an unauthorized act on behalf of the principal‚ the principal may either ignore or ratify the act. Ratification may be expressed in words or conduct and requires three conditions—that the agent purported to act on behalf of the identified principal‚ that the principal must have been capable of authorizing the act when it occurred and when it was ratified‚ and that the principal have full awareness of all material facts. Once an act is ratified‚ it is in effect as if originally
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1. Does the labor law encourage or discourage unionization? I would have to say the unionization was definitely a policy that was encouraged at West University. These laws that were initiated at the state level were formulated to affect unionization policies that were aimed towards all public employees. These laws were state mandated and any public employee which included that of the RA’s were able to not only join a union‚ but could establish one if they wished as well. These laws also adhered
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individual states public sector unions are not covered by the National Labor Relations Act. Public sector unions’ rights to strike vary depending on state laws as well as negotiation with state government. While many private sector unions’ right to strike is protected by federal law‚ the public sector unions are not. There is variation on how unions are able to strike. For example‚ unions that are operating under the Railway Labor Act must go through a delay period once a contract expires before
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Final Paper Human resources are strategic resources. They provide competitive advantage to organizations. Human resource management is the function of all levels of managers. The field of human resource management is fast changing. New developments‚ especially globalization‚ technical orientation and knowledge workers have made HRM challenging. To be successful and to achieve organizational goals‚ organization should have proper human resource management. Human resource management is one of the
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EXAMINATIONS LABOR LAW A. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES 1. Constitutional Provisions a. Art II‚ Secs. 9‚ 10‚ 11‚ 13‚ 14‚ 18‚ 20. b. Art III‚ Secs. 1‚ 4‚ 8. c. Art. XIII‚ Secs. 1‚ 2‚ 3‚ 14. New Civil Code a. Article 1700 Labor Code a. Article 3 b. Article 211 c. Article 212 Article 255 d. 2. 3. B. RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT 1. Recruitment of Local and Migrant Workers a. Recruitment and placement; defined b. Illegal Recruitment‚ Art. 38 (Local)‚ Sec. 6‚ Migrant Workers Act‚ RA 8042 (a)
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As a result‚ the twenty-two terminated umpires sued Major League Baseball‚ claiming an unfair labor practice as made “for unlawfully discharging” them. (Lasky‚ Matthew; FMEW; August 1999) The umpires brought their case to the National Labor Relation Board‚ where it was reviewed for several weeks. (Lasky‚ Matthew; FMEW; August 1999) The National Labor Relation Board found no evidence that an unfair labor practice had been made‚ and did not order Major League Baseball to reinstate the twenty-two umpires
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NBA * Only one sports league for each sport‚ so they have a monopoly on that sport. * League can force clubs to engage in conduct with predominatly anticompetitive effects that harm the clubs. Federal Baseball Club of Baltimore Inc. v. National League of Professional Baseball
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power in manufacturing giving unions more leverage to exact demands from employers. Secondly‚ jobs in service industries are generally of a shorter duration‚ so workers leave their jobs frequently so unionization is not a high priority. The cost of labor is also higher in service jobs‚ so unions have less power. So simply put‚ there will be a much more anti-union response in the manufacturing industry simply because manufacturing unions have much more power and leverage compared to workers in service
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self-organization in order to form or assist in labor organizations. They would be able to participate in collective bargaining‚ from representatives of their own choosing (Connolly‚ 1974). Both parties in this case did claim that it was too cold and drafty at the workstations which were near the opening of the overhead door. The supervisor did refuse to close this overhead door because the other employees wanted to leave this open. Both parties in this case did act weak manner by walking off their job for
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Introduction to Labor Studies Professor Magyar Final Exam Review Most Important Readings: * Yates - Collective Bargaining * Freeman- What Workers Want * Sweet and Meiksins - Globalization * Scott reading on free trade Major Themes: 1. Government‚ Politics and Labor Unions 2. Collective Bargaining 3. Globalization and Free Trade 1. Government and Labor Unions Workers and labor unions can achieve change either in the economic arena (unionizing and collective
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