March 2013 (Q1) This question is related to natural justice. In natural justice there are two main point of natural justice : Audi Alterm Partem (right to be heard) and Nemo Judex In Causa Sua (rules against bias). In Badrul issues there are several cases that Badrul must to know:- a) Whether he knew about the charge and consequence of the charge b) Whether the sufficient time was given to him c) Whether he was allowed to bring witness d) Whether there was a bias in his case. The first
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he would rather be a "pagan" than a member of this society because pagans found mystery in nature and created mythology out of it. Wordsworth’s reaction against the industrial domination of nature is very similar to the thematic battle of "Fancy" vs. "Fact" in Charles Dickens’ Hard Times. This conflict is portrayed in Mr. Gradgrind’s method of forcing his educational ideals on his students. Mr. Gradgrind represents the Utilitarian principle of "maximum efficiency". He believes that "hard facts"
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1) “Repeal of the Corn Laws is perhaps better seen as the victory of the masses over the agricultural oligarchy (oligarchy: power resting with a small number of people).” How does this extract present and validate this statement? 1) The Corn Laws was a system which placed tariffs and quotas on imported goods flowing into Britain. Britain wanted to achieve self-sufficiency and did not want to be dependent on imports‚ which is why the Corn Laws were imposed. These laws only took into account the interests
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The classical theories of morality are Aristotle’s perspective called Nicomachean Ethics‚ the Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals by Immanuel Kant‚ and the Theory of Utilitarianism morality by John Stuart Mill. These classical theories create the basis of morality and moral argument. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory regarding the greater good. It rationalizes; the actions a person makes in their life and says they should be directed towards achieving the greatest happiness for
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Act Utilitarianism vs Rule Utilitarianism Our world is governed by rules‚ either implied or implemented‚ and early on we are taught to live by these rules. Society expects us to act in such a way that will conform to these rules in order to live happy‚ harmonious lives. We do things‚ careful not to break any of the rules that might hurt or cause harm to others. Sometimes though‚ we do things not in accordance with the rules but based on what we feel is the right thing to do. Some people believe
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Utilitarianism was first developed by Jeremy Bentham‚ a philosopher and legal theorist of the 18th century. Bentham argued that one should maximise happiness for the majority (‘the greatest good for the greatest number‚ a view which is known as the ‘Utility Principle’. Happiness was equated with moral goodness. This idea further identifies Bentham as a ‘psychological hedonist’‚ since he regarded humans as being primarily motivated by pleasure and the avoidance of pain. A contented society would be
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Passive vs. Active Euthanasia Natural Law Theory states that an action is only considered “right” if it does not intentionally or directly violate any of the four basic intrinsic goods that thirteenth-century philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas described. According to Aquinas‚ the four basic intrinsic goods are: human life‚ human procreation‚ human knowledge and human sociability. So for example‚ according to natural law theory‚ using contraceptives such as condoms or birth control pills would not be
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morality such as John Stuart Mill’s theory of Utilitarianism. In teleological approaches to morality‚ questions of right and wrong‚ or the notion what an individual ought to do‚ are determined by the consequences of a given action. One thinker to reject this idea of consequentialism was Immanuel Kant. In his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals‚ Kant endeavors to establish a system of ethics that has no trace of the empirical nature of utilitarianism. To him‚ “the moral worth of an action does
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the positions based on John Stuart Mill ’s ’Utilitarianism ’ ethical theory‚ and Immanuel Kant ’s ’Categorical Imperative ’ ethical theory. According to Utilitarianism‚ euthanasia can be morally justified‚ whereas according to Kantianism‚ euthanasia is not morally justifiable; but I will argue that neither position provides an adequate resolution to the issue‚ due to the significant flaws that are
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Research Paper October 3‚ 2013 Relaxed vs. Natural Hair Are we ashamed our natural beauty? Is Relaxed the new natural? Is natural hair not gorgeous anymore? Is straight now really the best hair to have? Nowadays women give their daughters’ relaxers way too early. Giving your daughter a relaxer at age six is way too early their hair barely had anytime to grow out and see what their real texture is like. Relaxers contain chemicals and developing scalps and hairlines are especially prone to
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