The authority of an agent is the act which he is allowed or authorised to do by his principal‚ and which will bind his/her principal. Usually‚ the principal will only be bound by the act of the agent if the agent acts within his/her authority. There are two types of authority which an agent could rely on‚ namely actual authority and apparent or ostensible authority. Actual authority is the authority given by the principal to the agent and could be in written or oral form. The capacity of an
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Chapter 1 1 Introduction Economics and managerial decision making 2 Economics: The study of the behavior of human beings in producing‚ distributing and consuming material goods and services in a world of scarce resources Management: The science of organizing and allocating a firm’s scarce resources to achieve its desired objectives Managerial economics: The use of economic analysis to make business decisions involving the best use (allocation) of an organization’s scarce
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of Parental Authority The nature and purpose of parental authority is to direct and instruct towards achieving a good‚ as many philosophers will agree on. However‚ there are certain philosophers that differ on the rational use of parental authority. Some will adhere to the notion that parental authority must be bounded to moral law‚ whereas others believe in the divine nature of parental authority. Nevertheless‚ most philosophers will agree that the correct use of parental authority for any family
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AUTHORITY‚ DELEGATION AND DECENTRALISATION What is an authority? Authority is the cement of organisation structure in which various units of organisation are integrated. Without authority a manager cesses to be a manager. It is the authority that gives managers power to act. Authority is glue that holds organisation together. It is impossible to have an organisation unless some persons have the authority to command action of others. The word Authority is derived from the Latin word “auctoritas”
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Obedience to Authority No human social organization can function without some degree of obedience to authority‚ as the alternative would be anarchy leading to total chaos. Hence we find some sort of a hierarchy in both the most underdeveloped and the most civilized societies where certain individuals exercise authority over others. Almost everyone will agree that some degree of authority in certain individuals or groups (and their obedience by other groups) is desirable for the proper
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with Pro Golf Company. An agent’s authority can be either actual or apparent. Actual authority comes in two forms express and/or implied. On page 918‚ it states that express authority is actual authority the principal has manifested onto the agent in very specific or detailed language and the agent has implied authority to act in a manner in which he believes the principal wants him to act. Apparent authority‚ on the other hand‚ is when an agent lacks actual authority‚ however‚ due to the principal’s
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OTHER AUTHORITIES ANILESHTEWARI B.A.LL.B(Hons) 4TH SEM Page | 1 TABLE OF CONTENT Introduction to OTHER AUTHORITIES with reference to Article 12. Brief synopsis of the term OTHER AUTHORITIES Other Authorities. Ajay Hasia Case. Some of the NON-STATUTORY BODIES which have been held to be ‘AUTHORITIES’ within the meaning of Article 12. The National Commission to Review The Working Of The Constitution 2002. Conclusion Page | 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would
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Signature Tutorial 2 Nolwazi Dlamini Traditional Authority is based on customs and tradition and the long established way of doing things. (Heywood‚ 2007:220). This authority tends to be irrational and inconsistent and perpetuates the status quo. Traditional authority does not change or evolve. Traditional authority helps to shape the political culture by keeping values such as receptivity‚ respect and duty. An example of this type of authority would be a patriarchal structure where “the servants
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the Research The title of this research is “Obedience of soldiers to authority depicted in Saving Private Ryan novel by Max Allan Collins” 1.2 Field and Object of the study The field of study in this research is literature while the object of this research is novel entitled Saving Private Ryan by Max Allan Collins. This research focuses on how chosen soldiers who got order to save Ryan respond and obey the superior authority. Also‚ this research will apply sociological psychology of obedience
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In Fahrenheit 451‚ written by Ray Bradbury‚ authority is viewed as ruthless and the individual is portrayed as innocent. This is also emphasised in two related texts‚ Whose Life Is It Anyway? By Brian Clark‚ and Shawshank Redemption‚ directed by Frank Darabont. The themes of ruthlessness and innocence are exemplified throughout all three texts‚ through the concept of the authority and the individual. In Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451‚ authority is depicted as ruthless. This is shown throughout the
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