bladder is a water and ion storage site Birds‚ Reptiles‚ and Mammals * Have a metanephros kidney * Can remove more water than other kidneys * Primary organs for osmoregulation Metanephric Kidney * The functional unit is the nephron * Begins with the glomerular capsule. * An arteriole enters the glomerular capsule and branches into a network of capillaries called the glomerulus. * Efferent arteriole divides to form pertibular capillaries -> merge into a vein leading
Premium Kidney
BIO 102-BioJeopardy II Exam is February 27th Breathe In‚ Breathe Out 100-Name 4 different types of respiratory surfaces for organisms with examples Skin-frogs Gills-Fish (also skin) Tracheae-Insects (tracheal tubes directly feed body tissues across cell membranes‚ separate from circulatory system) Lungs-Humans (other mammals)-exchange of gases 200-1‚ Air rushes into the lungs of humans during inhalation because A) the rib muscles and diaphragm contract‚ increasing the lung volume. B) pressure
Premium Respiratory system Oxygen Carbon dioxide
located on the medial surface 10 cm 3cm 5.5cm 8 Internal Structure of the Kidney Renal Lobe Renal pyramids Renal papilla Renal Columns 9 Microscopic structure of the Kidney and Urine Production 10 Renal Corpuscle and Filtration 11 Nephron-Tubular System 1. Proximal convoluted tubule 2. Descending loop of Henle 3. Ascending loop of Henle 4. Distal convoluted tubule 5. Collecting duct 12 Summary so far….. Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery at the site of the hilum The
Premium Kidney
Title: Creatinine Assay Aim: To determine the creatinine clearance of a selected undiluted urine samples by graphical extrapolation from a creatinine curve. Materials and Apparatus: University of the West Indies: Department of Basic Medical Sciences Laboratory Manual: BC35A‚ Creatinine Assay‚ pages 6-8‚ 2012 Changes to the Method: The experiment utilized one undiluted urine samples for concentration determination instead of five aliquots of twenty four hour urine samples. The urine sample
Premium Blood urea nitrogen Nephrology Renal physiology
CORE ONE: MAINTAINING A BALANCE • IDENTIFY THE ROLE OF ENZYMES IN METABOLISM‚ DESCRIBE THEIR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND USE A SIMPLE MODEL TO DEMOSTRATE THEIR SPECIFITY ON SUBSTRATES. Enzymes are biological catalysts this means that they lower the energy required to start a chemical reaction within a cell but don’t get used up by that reaction. Every reaction and process in the metabolism of the cell is controlled by a specific enzyme. Enzymes are globular proteins whose shapes are specialised
Premium Blood Carbon dioxide
Respiration. *The respiratory system consists of tubes that filter incoming air and transport it into the microscopic alveoli where gases are exchanged the entire process of exchanging gases between the atmosphere and body cells is called respiration and consists of the following: ventilation‚ gas exchange between blood and lungs‚ gas transport in the bloodstream‚ gas exchange between the blood and body cells‚ and cellular respiration *The organs of the respiratory tract can be divided into two
Premium Kidney Respiratory system
Polycystic Kidney Disease is a genetic disease that causes the kidneys to malfunction. The decrease in kidney function is rooted to cystic growths on the kidneys. The definition of cyst is an abnormal sac-like structure that is filled with fluid. Overtime this genetic disease can cause many cysts to appear at one time and can eventually enlarge the kidneys‚ along with deforming them. This deformation can grow into chronic kidney disease and lead to complete kidney failure. A genetic defect‚ or
Premium Polycystic kidney disease Hypertension Kidney
Renal Failure Kidneys are unable to remove accumulated metabolites from the blood which leads to altered fluid‚ electrolyte‚ and acid-base balance The cause may be a primary kidney disorder or secondary to a systemic disease May be acute or chronic Acute Abrupt onset and with prompt intervention is often reversible Chronic Develops slowly‚ is the end stage‚ and is not reversible Azotemia Nitrogen (protein) waste in the blood Acute Renal Failure A rapid decline in renal function with
Premium Dialysis Renal failure Kidney
the concentration of three substances in the renal artery‚ and the changes in their concentration along the nephron and the collecting duct : blood plasma in fluid in nephron renal artery fluid in collecting duct Percentage of protein Percentage of urea Percentage of substance X (i) Explain the difference in the concentration of protein between the blood plasma and the fluid in the nephron. (2 marks) (ii) What process causes the increase in urea concentration along the collecting duct ? (1 mark)
Premium Sewage treatment Blood Wastewater
Efficacy of Dietary Interventions in End Stage Renal Disease Patients: a systematic review Submitted By: Dr. Chaudhary Muhammaed Junaid Nazar Student Number: 10848977 In partial fulfillment for the degree of Masters of Science in Nephrology February 2012 STUDENT ASSIGNMENT DECLARATION FORM FACULTY OF HEALTH INSTITUTE OF POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE Student Name Chaudhary Muhammad Junaid Nazar Module
Premium Nephrology Renal failure Kidney