Centre No. Candidate No. Paper Reference(s) Surname Paper Reference Initial(s) 7 0 4 0 7040/01 0 1 Signature Examiner’s use only London Examinations GCE Biology Ordinary Level Paper 1 Monday 10 May 2010 – Morning Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Team Leader’s use only Question Leave Number Blank 1 2 3 4 5 Materials required for examination Nil Items included with question papers Nil 6 7 8 9 Instructions to Candidates In the boxes above‚ write your centre number
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to ascending limb of the loop of Henle. After that‚ the blood will filtrate at distal tubule. The distal tubule also contributes in pH regulation by control the secretion of hydrogen ions and reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. The last process in nephron is collecting duct. This process is filtrate into urine. All the substances that have been filtrate will secrete into
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Chapter 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections‚ Sixth Edition Campbell‚ Reece‚ Taylor‚ Simon‚ and Dickey Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education‚ Inc. Introduction: Chilling Out Bears sleep a lot during winter But bears do not hibernate Instead‚ they become dormant – Body temperature drops from 37°C to 31–34°C – True hibernators may cool to 30°C Dormant bears – Are easily awakened – True
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organs of excretion. Their main function is to separate urine from the blood which flows through it. Each kidney receives blood through the renal artery and are drained by the renal veins. The excretory units of the kidneys are called nephrons. The nephrons filter out water‚ wastes and other substances such as urea and salts from the blood. This is followed by the reabsorption of water and other essential substances such as amino acids and glucose by the kidneys. The waste (or filtrate) are
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the blood then selectively reabsorbs Blood passes into a nephron (a long tube) Bowman’s capsule which contains a clump of capillaries (glomerulus) Nephron connects with collecting tubes that empty into the bladder The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. There are millions of nephrons. Filtration Everything other that protein‚ red‚ and white cells‚ drug bound to proteins passes through pores in capillaries into the nephron Distal Reabsorption Non-ionized drug molecules (lipid soluble)
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The excretory system eliminates wastes from the body while also maintaining water and chemical balances. The main organs of the excretory system are the kidneys‚ the ureters‚ the bladder‚ the urethra‚ the skin‚ and the lungs. The main things that the body must excrete are nitrogen wastes and carbon dioxide. Nitrogen wastes are a byproduct of protein metabolism. Protein metabolism is the making of amino acids into proteins and the breaking-down of proteins into amino acids. Carbon dioxide
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a shell around the medulla. The tissues dip into the medulla between the adjacent renal pyramids to form renal columns. The granular appearance of the cortex is due to the random arrangement of tiny tubules associated with nephrons‚ the functional units of the kidney. Nephrons are the most basic structure of the kidneys‚ it is a long‚ fine tubule around 30-55mm long and each
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chapter 10 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Antidiuretic hormone is released by: A.anterior lobe of the pituitary B.posterior lobe of the pituitary C.hypothalamus D.adrenal glands 2. Excretion primarily rids the body of: A.excess fuels B.undigested food C.minerals D.substances that were involved in metabolism E.All of the choices are correct. 3. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: A.is prostate cancer B.involves enlargement
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A Nursing Case Study on Chronic Renal Failure In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in NCM-102 CRITERIA Introduction and Implications - 5% Objective - 5% Developmental Data - 5% Physical Assessment - 10% History - 5% Anatomy and Physiology - 5% Pathophysiology - 10% Interpretations - 5% Drug Studies - 5% Nursing Management - 20% Health Teachings - 5% Format - 5% Punctuality - 10% Reference - 5% _________________ TOTAL:
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* A reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. The area of the enzyme that binds to the substrate is called the active site - where the action takes place. * Cofactors and coenzymes are small molecules or ions that help enzymes to act. HSC Biology Notes – Hugh Phillips Maintaining a Balance 1.Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range: Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their
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