Cellular adaptations occur in terms of: * size of the cells that are atrophy decrease in cell size due to decrease workload; and hypertrophy due to increase workload * number of the cells that is are hyperplasia(but this is one change) increase in the # of cells resulting due toform increase rate of cell division due to injury or hormones. * reversible change of one type of cell into another type of cell that is metaplasia occurs due to chronic inflammation and irritation. * disordered
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Nerve and neuron sound similar to most people‚ but they are two different components of the body (Martini‚ 375). Nerves are found only in the peripheral nervous system‚ while neurons are found in the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and peripheral nerve (Martini‚ 375). Neurons are nerves cells that are specialized for intercellular communication (Martini‚ 375). A neuron is composed of a cell body‚ dendrites and axon (Marieb‚ 376). A nerve is a bundle of axons or dendrites that is wrapped in connective tissues
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Optic Nerve The optic nerve is located in the back of the eye and is also called second cranial nerve and cranial nerve II. the optic nerve is to transfer visual information from the retina to teh vision centres of the brain via electrical impulses. It is made up of ganglionic cells or nerve cells and consists of more than 1 million nerve fibres . Our blind spot is caused by the absence of specialised photosensitive/light-sensitive cells or photoreceptors; the part of the retina where the optic
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Neurophysiology has been a subject of study since as early as 4‚000 B.C. In the early B.C. years‚ most studies were of different natural sedatives like alcohol and poppy plants. In 1700 B.C.‚ the Edwin Smith surgical papyrus was written. This papyrus was crucial in understanding how the ancient Egyptians understood the nervous system. This papyrus looked at different case studies about injuries to different parts of the body‚ most notably the head. Beginning around 460 B.C.‚ Hippocrates began
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A Review of Facial Nerve Anatomy Terence M. Myckatyn‚ M.D.1 and Susan E. Mackinnon‚ M.D.1 ABSTRACT An intimate knowledge of facial nerve anatomy is critical to avoid its inadvertent injury during rhytidectomy‚ parotidectomy‚ maxillofacial fracture reduction‚ and almost any surgery of the head and neck. Injury to the frontal and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve in particular can lead to obvious clinical deficits‚ and areas where these nerves are particularly susceptible to injury
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Handout Lab 5 - Cranial Nerves: Assessment of Functions INTRODUCTION The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The CNS receives sensory information from other parts of the body or the body’s external environment and transmits motor information to other parts of the body by way of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS of the human includes 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Some nerves contain only motor nerve fibers (efferent fibers);
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muscle movement and certain cell reactions are reliant on energy the transport of oxygen to the cells of tissues and organs by blood vessels is vital for respiration to occur. Oxygen is carried in red blood cells by the pigment haemoglobin‚ a globular protein consisting of four polypeptide chains. Both of these components of blood are structured specifically to carry out their functions of oxygen transport‚ hence ensuring efficient respiration. Erythrocytes‚ or red blood cells‚ possess a unique structure
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a false truth to the word nerve. The courage it takes to have nerve is powerful‚ but having nerves is a weakness. A soldier in a battle needs confidence‚ and not worry or otherwise every action will be filled with doubt. The commander says‚ “No nerves‚ just have nerve out there.” The difference between the same word emphasizes the actual meaning of each word‚ creating it to be more heroic than a hero and braver than just the brave. One of the many definitions for nerve is “a person’s steadiness
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Anatomy & Physiology II Peripheral Nervous System A. Cranial nerve numbers Give the Roman numeral for the 12 pairs of cranial nerves. VI_ 1. Abducens I__ 7. Olfactory XI__ 2. Accessory II_ 8. Optic VII 3. Facial V__ 9. Trigeminal IX_ 4. Glossophyaryngeal IV_ 10. Trochlear XII 5. Hypoglossal X__ 11. Vagus III 6. Oculomotor VIII 12. Vestibulocochlear B. Cranial nerve function Identify if each cranial nerve is mainly sensory‚ motor‚ or both. S = sensory M = motor B
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Adaptation La’Ketica T. Moore AIU Online Abstract For this assignment I must describe what sensory adaptation is and to explain the concept of it. We were giving four experiments and out of the four to pick three that we need to describe what sensory adaptation was evident in each. Adaptation Sandpaper The first experiment is on the coarseness of the sandpaper‚ I rated the sandpaper a 4 on a scale of 1 being very soft and 7 being very coarse. I gave it a 4 on my right and on my
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