A Companion Publication to BrainFacts.org A PRIMER ON THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM A PRIMER ON THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM A companion to BrainFacts.org A PUBLIC INFORMATION INITIATIVE OF: P r e fa c e Over the past two decades‚ scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls
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TRUE/FALSE. Write ’T’ if the statement is true and ’F’ if the statement is false. 1)Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones. 1) T 2) Bones are classified by whether they are weight-bearing or protective in function. 2) F 3) The trabeculae of spongy bone are oriented toward lines of stress. 3) F MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 4) The cell responsible for secreting
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Muscle fatigue is weakness or weariness resulting from exertion or prolonged stress and the failure to maintain an expected power output. (Amussen) The process by which your body produces energy is called glycolysis. During glycolysis‚ glycogen is broken to produce creatine phosphate‚ which releases energy. The energy released catalyzes a reaction to produce ATP. The ending product of glycolysis is lactic acid‚ which is created by breaking pyruvate acid down. Then lactic acid is broken down to produce
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important definitions. γ-Aminobutyric acid‚ also known as GABA is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays the principal role in reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. GABA-A receptors are one form of GABA receptors
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April spots the boy that she has a crush on sitting by his friends. Her heart begins to pound‚ her hands get sweaty‚ and her cheeks feel hot. April’s ________ has/have been activated. A.Spinal cord B.Skeletal nervous system C.Autonomic nervous system D.Somatic nervous system Answer Key: C Question 4 of 10 2.0/ 2.0 Points The most important function of endorphins is to ________. A.Promote digestion and regulate metabolism B.Affect the functioning of target organs and tissue C
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with a sensory experience. This begins when the sensory receptors receive energy from a particular stimulus‚ which trigger receptor cells. The physical energy is converted into electrochemicals‚ then passes along sensory nerves‚ to the central nervous system where the brain receives the energy as a detailed message. However‚ not all physical energy produces a sensation. A minimum intensity‚ termed absolute threshold‚ must be achieved in order to produce a sensation. Perception takes place when the
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A bipolar cell is a type of neuron which has two extensions. Bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of special senses. As such‚ they are part of the sensory pathways for smell‚ sight‚ taste‚ hearing and vestibular functions They are found in the vestibulocochlear nerve‚ but reference to bipolar neurons is usually to cells in the retina. A unipolar cell is a type of neuron in which only one protoplasmic process (neurite) extends from the cell body. Most neurons are multipolar
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DEFINE | ANSWER | psychology | scientific investigation of physical and mental behavior | experimental method | used to text predictions derived from theory | basic science | accumulation of knowledge for knowledge sake (describe‚ predict‚ and explain behavior) | applied science | application of knowledge to solve practical problems (modify behaviour). | Empiricism | knowledge based on observation | Scientific Method | rules for observation‚ experimentation‚ and measurement | Skepticism
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Per the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)‚ “Benzene works by causing cells not to work correctly. For example‚ it can cause bone marrow not to produce enough red blood cells‚ which can lead to anemia. Also‚ it can damage the immune system by changing blood levels of antibodies and causing the loss of white blood cells.” (CDC‚ 2013) The extend of benzene poisoning depends on length of exposure‚ preexisting medical conditions‚ route‚ and amount. At the Love Canal‚ there was over 6‚900
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builds from biological molecules‚ which are organized into complex structures referred to organelles‚ which are also one of the properties of cells. Within this complex system‚ life can be understood as many descending levels. From molecules‚ organelles are formed‚ organelles create cells‚ cells make up tissue‚ tissues are part of systems and organs and from organs organisms are formed. This hierarchy of biological organization makes up our ecosystem and describes the web of complex interactions. This
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