Intrinsic valuation‚ relates the value of an asset to the present value of expected future cashflows on that asset. In its most common form‚ this takes the form of a discounted cash flow valuation. Relative valuation‚ estimates the value of an asset by looking at the pricing of ’comparable’ assets relative to a common variable like earnings‚ cashflows‚ book value or sales. Contingent claim valuation‚ uses option pricing models to measure the value of assets that share option characteristics
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-Add a New Window : NPV = $ 25‚461.9 -Update Existing Equipment : NPV = $ 2‚514.18 -Build a new stand : NPV = $ 34‚825.75 -Rent a larger stand: NPV = $ 28‚469.87 All the projects are acceptable because all the NPVs are positive Looking at the net present value of each project‚ build a new stand Is the project with the highest NPV •The difference
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INVESTMENT APPRAISAL One of the key areas of long-term decision-making that firms must tackle is that of investment - the need to commit funds by purchasing land‚ buildings‚ machinery and so on‚ in anticipation of being able to earn an income greater than the funds committed. In order to handle these decisions‚ firms have to make an assessment of the size of the outflows and inflows of funds‚ the lifespan of the investment‚ the degree of risk attached and the cost of obtaining funds. The main stages
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Table of contents: Page no. 1. Introduction 1 2. Investment appraisal 2 3. Payback method 3 4. Present value (PV)‚ future value (FV) and net present value (NPV) 5 5. Project 1 6 6. Comparing projects 11 7. Conclusion 12 8. References 13 9. Bibliography 14 Introduction: In 21st century business is much more developed and competitive as well with the presence of so many competitors
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reject the project. However‚ MIRR is better indicator of the project’s true profitability IRR v. MIRR Valuation Methods The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is defined as the rate of return that would make the present value of future cash flows plus the final market value of an investment or business opportunity equal the current market price of the investment or opportunity. The Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR) assumes that positive cash flows are reinvested at the firm ’s cost
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is terminal value a material component of firm values? 2. Drawing on case Exhibit 4 and your own general knowledge‚ where would the various estimators be appropriate? Where would they be inappropriate? (Simon’s second task) 3. Regarding the cash flow forecasts in case Exhibit 5‚ at what point in the future would you set the forecast horizon for the three investments? Why? More generally‚ what should determine when you stop forecasting annual cash flows and estimate a terminal value? 4. Estimate
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........................................................................................................ 6 Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) ................................................................................................... 8 Net present Value (NPV)................................................................................................................ 9 PART 3...................................................................................................................
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Capital Budgeting Introduction Capital budgeting is the process of evaluating and selecting long-term investments that are consistent with the firm’s goal of maximizing owner wealth. A firm using capital budgeting‚ their goal is to see if there fixed income will cover itself for profit. Fixed incomes are things such as land‚ plant and equipment. When a firm using a machine to produce its good or service. They most of the time what the machine to produce the amount that they paid for the machine
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for net present value NPV is as follows (CALCULATING NET PRESENTVALUE‚ PAYBACK PERIOD‚ AND RETURN ON INVESTMENT): 15 NPV= -35‚000 + ∑ 5‚000 / (1 + 12%) ^ 15 i=1 = $947 The IRR 15 0= -35‚000 + ∑ 5‚000 / (1 + IRR) ^ 15 i=1 = 11.49% From the above calculation it can be projected that the net present value is negative and the IRR is also lover than the cost of capital which is 12% (B) Present value = annual
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not included. Net Investment is based on maintenance capital expenditure minus the depreciation related to Capex. Working Capital is based on the difference between current assets minus current liabilities. Working capital increases as sales revenues‚ in the calculation it is assumed that working capital is proportional to Revenue growth of 9%. Long term growth is 4% Company Tax Rate 35% Salary Growth is 10% Discount Rate Calculation WACC = E/V*Re + DV*Rd*(1-Tc) Where: E = Market Value of Equity‚ D
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