A Companion Publication to BrainFacts.org A PRIMER ON THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM A PRIMER ON THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM A companion to BrainFacts.org A PUBLIC INFORMATION INITIATIVE OF: P r e fa c e Over the past two decades‚ scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls
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the study of the brain and nervous system and is considered a biological science. Neuroscience focuses on neurons‚ a nerve cell‚ of which the brain is made of tens of billions. Every neuron contains a nucleus that contains the DNA of the cell‚ just as most other cell types do. Unlike other cells‚ Neurons have the unique ability of communicating with one another via electrochemicals. Neurons also vary in length‚ some only a millimeter or two‚ but may also be a meter long. Neuroscience also studies
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The Endocrine System Neurons The Brain How Neurons Communicate Older Brain Structures How Neurotransmitters Influence Us The Cerebral Cortex The Nervous System Our Divided Brain The Peripheral Nervous System Studying Hemispheric Differences in the Intact Brain The Central Nervous System 3 4 History of Mind Neural Communication Phrenology The body’s information system is built from billions of interconnected cells called neurons. Bettman/ Corbis
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blood pressure‚ and a photoreceptor which is a specialized neuron able to detect and react to light. These receptors of the skin‚
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Midterm Essay ExaminationMidterm Essay Examination1.Describe the basic functioning of a neuron beginning with receiving signals from other neurons or sense organs and ending with the transmission of a signal to another neuron. Explain how a pattern of neuron firing is related to behavior. Neurons are information- processing units in the central nervous system that receive and transmit information. It is made up of an axon‚ dendrites and a cell body. The nucleus and cytoplasm are contained in the
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these two proteins are involved in memory through different mechanisms. Orb2A and its Q domain‚ according to the authors‚ is necessary in the MB neurons during the learning phase and memory acquisition‚ and which also plays a role in long-term memory formation. The results show that Orb2A were almost exclusively found in the synapses of the MB γ neurons for subsequent memory consolidation. The way they are believed to that‚ as suggested by the authors‚ is that they recruit Orb2B to form a complex
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sediments and caused neurotoxicity in human. The targeted organ of the methylmercury was human brain especially the astrocyte cell. The studies were conducted to understand the process of methylmercury entered the human body‚ damaging the astocytes and neurons‚ effects on prenatal period‚ early childhood exposure and other effects on human nervous system. 2.0 Introduction Methylmercury is a dangerous organic heavy metal which can obtain from natural such as volcanoes and forest fire and anthropogenic
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Question 1 2 out of 2 points | | | |[pic] |Which of the following statements is true about protein hormones? | | | | | |Answer | | | | | |Selected Answer:
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The nerve impulse The information is transmitted by polarity changes in the membranes of cells due to the presence of neurotransmitters that alter the ionic concentration inside the cell. Moreover‚ inside the neuron proteins and ions are negatively charged . This difference in ion concentration also produces a potential difference between the outer membrane and within the cell . The value reached is about -70 millivolts (negative inside with respect to the value of positive charges outside
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receiving part of the neuron. It is a short extension of the cell body And send signals toward the cell body and the cell body conducts nerve impulses which in the transmission of the nerve impulses from the region to the other cell. The axon is a single extension carries the message to the next neuron‚ which controls all of the nerves. The nerve impulse is response of the neuron. There are 3 classes of neurons: sensory neurons‚ motor neurons‚ and interneurons. Neurons are also called nerve
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