brain). Then‚ people further used their brains to bring these ideas to fruition and then to guide their hands to create them. Neuroscientists do not have an answer as to how the brain of a worm processes information. A worm has a mere few hundred neurons‚ to our approximately one-hundred billion. This a true testament to how far we have to go in neuroscience but also to how
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Mini Cases in Movement Disorders Mona Dalzon Case 1 Kenny Kenny is a teenager who has experienced uncontrollable bodily and facial movements‚ various uncontrolled vocalizations‚ and other compulsions such as excessive hand washing and wringing. He has been treated with Clonidine‚ Haldol‚ pimozide and buspirone. This patient was diagnosed with Tourette’s Syndrome. Clonidine is a vasodilator that allows for blood to flow more easily to the brain. This lowers blood pressure and helps treat the tics
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it has to get a signal from the nervous system. The part of the nervous system that it gets a signal from is called a motor neuron. An electoral signal‚ called an action potential travels down the axon and to the axon terminal. At the end of the motor neuron are structures called synaptic vesicles and they contain different neurotransmitters. In the case of a motor neuron that stimulates a skeletal muscle fiber‚ that neurotransmitter is called acetylcholine. When the action potential gets down
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are very important in the neuron. Every Ion channel has its own threshold that has to be reached for action potential to be detected. For example‚ if resting membrane potential of a neuron is -70 mV and sodium ions are added it would cause the voltage to drift toward -55mV because the equilibrium potential for sodium is +60 mV. However‚ a few sodium ions would not cause the voltage to change. An extensive amount of sodium ions has to be added to the dendrite of a neuron to drop the voltage to -55
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parasympathetic division is located at the bottom part of the spinal cord. Neurons: Cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system. There are three types of neurons. First is the sensory neurons‚ these take messages to the central nervous system. Second is the interneurons‚ these lie entirely within the central nervous system. These can take input from the sensory neurons. Last is the motor neurons‚ these take messages away from the central nervous system to an effector. Effectors
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Parkinson’s Disease What is it? Parkinson’s disease is a disorder in the nervous system that seriously affects movement. It is a progressive disorder and worsens over time. The tremor is one of the many results of this disorder. Others include stiffness and slow movement. 5 Stages of Parkinson’s Stage 1: mildest form‚ there may be symptoms but not severe. This stage is often missed‚ slight changes may be noticed Stage 2: moderate form‚ symptoms more noticeable. Muscle stiffness occurs but doesn’t
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from one neuron to another. Neurotransmitters are synthesized from converting substances that are readily available to the body such as amino acids‚ which are available from food and only need some converting into transmitters. Neurotransmitters crucial to daily life and functions. Scientists are uncertain exactly how many Neurotransmitters there are‚ but more than 100 identified. The neurotransmitter then crosses the synaptic gap to reach the receptor site of the other cell or neuron. Then‚ in
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Question 1 Question text Neurons _____. Select one: a. transmit neural impulses. b. support and nourish glial cells. c. each have only one dendrite. d. are one kind of neurotransmitter. Question 2 Question text A synapse is the _____. Select one: a. same as the action potential. b. junction where neurons communicate with one another. c. chemical that travels from one neuron to another. d. signal that travels from one neuron to another. Question 3 Question text
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The defining features of drug intoxication and addiction can be traced to disruptions in cell-to-cell signaling. October 01‚ 2007 Carl Sherman‚ NIDA Notes Contributing Writer illustration of a neuron Drugs of abuse alter the way people think‚ feel‚ and behave by disrupting neurotransmission‚ the process of communication between brain cells. Over the past few decades‚ studies have established that drug dependence and addiction are features of an organic brain disease caused by drugs’ cumulative
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Published in 2011 by Britannica Educational Publishing (a trademark of Encyclopædia Britannica‚ Inc.) in association with Rosen Educational Services‚ LLC 29 East 21st Street‚ New York‚ NY 10010. Copyright © 2011 Encyclopædia Britannica‚ Inc. Britannica‚ Encyclopædia Britannica‚ and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia Britannica‚ Inc. All rights reserved. Rosen Educational Services materials copyright © 2011 Rosen Educational Services‚ LLC. All rights reserved. Distributed exclusively
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