and single‚ long axons that branch only at the ends. Neurons may be classified by the direction in which they carry nerve impulses. Afferent‚ or sensory‚ neurons carry nerve impulses to the brain or spinal cord. A stimulus may initiate the impulses directly in an afferent neuron. The body also has many sensitive cells called receptors that react easily to stimuli and initiate impulses in the afferent neurons with which they are in contact. There are many types of headaches; some can be serious but
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peripheral nervous system is often referred to as the ‘reactor’ within the human body‚ as this includes the sensory and motor nerves‚ connecting the CNS with the sense organs‚ glands and muscles within the body. The foundation within the central nervous system is the neuron; neurons are cells within the body which specialise within a specific area. Neurons which are nerve cells are specifically used to transmit‚ and carry information throughout the body. Neurons are used to transmit by electrical
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Chapter 5 Outline •Sensation is the detection of physical energy from the environment which weencode as neural signals. •When we organize and interpret our sensations‚ it is known as perception •The beginning level of sensory analysis is also known as bottom- up processing •Top-down processing is the information processing guided by higher-level mental processes‚ as when someone constructs perceptions drawing on our experienceand expectations. •Bottom up processing is sensory analysis that begins
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THE SENSES Hilgard morgan and Sartain explain that there are more than eight senses that we use to explore and learn about the world.Each of these senses has a specific sense organ within which are receptor cells or receiving mechanisms that are sensitive to certain stimuli in the environment. The Eye Is the organ of vision‚ is sometimes compared to a camera lens because it works roughly the same way as the latter which focuses images of objects at various distances o the film as it
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Tak 1.1 List all the systems of the human body with their functions and major organs. The circulatory system is the body’s transport system. It is made up of a group of organs that transport blood throughout the body. The heart pumps the blood and the arteries and veins transport it. Oxygen-rich blood leaves the left side of the heart and enters the biggest artery‚ called the aorta. The aorta branches into smaller arteries‚ which then branch into even smaller vessels that travel all over the
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factors and conditions are detected by the body’s nervous system. These changes are detected‚ interpreted and responded to. By sending electrical and chemical impulses the nervous system sets in place reactions to counteract these conditions. An example of this is if you where to place your foot on a sharp object‚ pain is detected by nerves or receptors in your foot and send a message through your foot‚ leg and into your spinal cord and into the brain which forms part of your central nervous system
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external structure of the eyeball. The external layer of the eyeball is formed by the cornea‚ and the sclera. The cornea is a dome-shaped structure. The cornea does not have any blood vessels that is why it appears clear. The cornea does have nerves. The cornea is the first and most powerful lens in the eye’s optical system. The cornea is the first part of the eye to focus. When a ray of light hits the eye‚ the cornea is the first structure the light encounters. Then the light rays travel
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Multiple Sclerosis‚ also known as MS‚ is a disease causing demylination of the white matter in the spinal cord and brain. The nerve damage slows‚ blocks or distorts transmission of nerve impulses. MS is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remissions. The crippling disease is a major cause of chronic disability in young adults. It usually becomes symptomatic between the ages of twenty and forty with twenty-seven being the average. Prognosis varies greatly from person to person. MS can progress
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| Deficiency | In Abundance | Vitamin A | Liver ‚cod liver oil‚ carrots‚ spinach‚ sweet potatoes‚ peaches and cantaloupe. | * Growth and maintenance of epithelial tissue including the cornea‚ membranes of gastrointestinal tract and skin. * Nerve formation and function | Fat Soluble | In children‚ growth retardation‚ and impaired bone formation. Fetal malformations. | Fetal malformations | Vitamin B2 | Beef‚ liver‚ lean meat‚ kidney‚ non-fat milk‚ oysters‚ dark green leafy vegetables‚ |
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system is composed of all nerve tissues in the body. The functions of nerve tissue are to receive stimuli‚ transmit stimuli to nervous centers‚ and to initiate response The nervous system has two distinct parts -- CENTRAL and PERIPHERAL. The central part is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral part of the nervous system is said to be peripheral because it is outside the central nervous systems. The human nervous system contains approximately 10 billion nerve cells. These neurons
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