Price (2000) classify pain into two types. First‚ nociceptive pain‚ refers to acute sensation triggered by stimulation of pain receptors‚ usually as a result of injury. It has a very useful‚ protective role. Second type‚ neuropathic pain‚ relates to nerve injury or dysfunction of the nervous system. This essay is going to explain mechanisms of central and peripheral neuropathic pain. It will describe causes and symptoms and provide some examples of common neuropathic syndromes. This piece will also
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includes nerves that connect the CNS to the remote body parts - relays and receives messages 3. ANS- autonomic nervous system - regulates the involuntary function of the internal organs. Histology: made up of 2 cells 1. neurons –receive impulses and send them on to other cells 2. neuroglia- protect and nourish th neurons Neuron: made up of 3 parts 1. dendrites – short projections from the cell body that conduct impulses towards
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supported by internal skeleton skill around brain and vertebra around spinal cord and dorsal nerve cord. 2. What are the four levels of organization in vertebrate bodies? Cells‚ tissues‚ organs‚ organ systems. 3. What are tissues? Groups of cells similar in structure and function are organized into tissues. What are the four primary tissues in adult vertebrates? Epithelial‚ connective‚ muscle‚ nerve.
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The Specificity Theory proposes that pain impulses are transmitted along linear pathways to pain centres in the brain. The intensity of the pain is determined by the number of impulses along a neuron (Moayedi & David 2013). This theory fails to consider psychological effects such as past experiences and anxiety that can act to alter pain perception (Melzack and
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body temperature‚ receptors‚ normally nerve endings‚ in the dermis encounter the change‚ then sends an impulse to the hypothalamus‚ the control centre in the brain. An impulse is then sent to the effectors in the skin and will respond in either increasing or decreasing temperature; this would depend on the change. Responses are carried out by the structure in the dermis. When temperature goes back to its set point the hypothalamus then stops sending impulses to the effectors. This process is the
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What Causes Optical Illusions? Optical illusions are how the eye sees the illusion. Most people now believe that seeing optical illusions has to do with perspective‚ or the way you look at something. The concept of optical illusion was first used by the Greeks. They built their temples so that the roof was slanted. This gave the illusion that the temple was actually standing straight. We get used to how things are supposed to be‚ and sometimes our brain gets the wrong message. Our brain puts
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| D. Corpus callosum | K. Pineal gland | E. Falx cerebelli | L. Pons | F. Hypothalamus | M. Tentorium cerebella | G. Insula | N. Diencephalon | 1. Structure formed by the crossing-over of the optic nerves ___J__ 2. Part of the diencephalon that forms lower walls and floor of third ventricle _F_ 3. Cone-shaped structure attached to upper posterior portion of diencephalon __K__ 4. Connects cerebral hemispheres __D_ 5. Ridge on surface of the cerebellum
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and to prevent further injuries. For example. if the subject touches a hot boiling kettle their initial reactions steps are: 1) somatic receptor received stimuli a "danger" stimul 2) afferent nerve senses signals to CNS 3) integrate information to decide what to do next 4) efferent nerve carry motor impulse ti muscle 5) effectors then will quickly remove hand away from kettle to aggravate anymore pain. In contrast‚ slow reaction time may come with unaffordable consequence. the given example is not
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Krabbe disease is a disorder inherited from parents‚ which destroys the myelin coat of nerve cells throughout the nervous system and the process is called demyelination. Demyelination inhibits the transmission of nerve impulses and that hinders the communication of the brain and the body and that results in disability (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research‚ 2016). Dr. Knud. H.Krabbe diagnosed this disorder in 1916 (Arizona Board of Regents‚ 2015). Krabbe disease is a body recessive disorder
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disaccharides) and antibacterial enzymes. Saliva dissolves some food. taste buds- identify the type and quality of food. Food dissolves in saliva and moves into the taste pores. Receptor cells sense the taste and pass on the message to attached nerve cells. The more you have‚ the more sensitive you are to the taste. tongue- pushes food together into a bolus for swallowing. Pharynx = cavity connecting the mouth and nose to the esophagus and trachea. It is a structure that belongs
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