with the formula: work done=force x distance moved For example‚ if a force of 10 newton (F = 10 N) acts along point that travels 2 meters (d = 2 m)‚ then it does the work W = (10 N)(2 m) = 20 N m = 20 J. This is approximately the work done lifting a 1 kg weight from ground to over a person’s head against the force of gravity. Notice that the work is doubled either by lifting twice the weight the same distance or by lifting the same weight twice the distance. Examples: Force is measured in newton’s
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results of stimulation on a frog’s sciatic nerve by looking at its compound action potential‚ the conduction velocity‚ and by quantifying the total and absolute refractory period between the nerve at room and cold temperature. An oscilloscope‚ preamplifier‚ and stimulator were used to stimulate the frog’s nerve located in the nerve chamber. Threshold voltage was determined by stimulating the nerve at increasing voltages until a compound action potential resulted. Absolute threshold was determined
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Exercise 8: Chemical and Physical Processes of Digestion: Activity 1: Assessing Starch Digestion by Salivary Amylase Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 0% by answering 0 out of 6 questions correctly. 1. The substrate for amylase is Correct answer: e. starch and carbohydrate. You have not answered this question. 2. Which of the following is true of enzymes? Correct answer: c. Their activity can be affected by temperature and pH. You have not answered this question. 3. The reagent IKI tests
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Osmosis and Water Potential Year 11 Emary Venter INTRODUCTION: The cell is the basic unit of living things‚ and is made up of multiple organelles. Organelles are membrane bound subdivisions‚ each specialised for a specific function. This experiment looks at the Plasma Membrane‚ which is a semipermeable layer surrounding the cell. It’s primary job is to control what goes in and out of the cell. Molecules can move across this membrane in either an active movement or a passive movement
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Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) The anatomy of the optic nerve sheath : The intraorbital section of the optic nerve extends from the globe‚ where it inserts medially‚ to the optic canal located in the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone. It is encased by a meningeal sheath consisting of dura mater‚ arachnoid mater and pia mater. Cerebrospinal fluid is contained in the trabeculated subarachnoid space and is continuously and slowly filtered. As a result the optic nerve sheath is in direct
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https://www.facebook.com/Medicalstudycenter2012 Heart + Nerve & Muscle Important Solved SEQs By Medical Study Center Ref: Guyton Q.1. a). What is saltatory conduction? Enlist its advantages? 1+1 marks b). briefly mention the three determinants of resting membrane potential. 3 marks Ans: Q.1.a. SATTATORY CONDUCTION: 1 mark Propagation of action potential along a myelinated nerve fiber from one node of Ranvier to other in jumping manner is called as saltatory conduction. r Node to node conduction
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The Lipid Barrier of the Cell Membrane‚ and Cell Membrane Transport Proteins The structure of the membrane covering the outside of every cell of the body is discussed in Chapter 2 and illustrated in Figures 2–3 and 4–2.This membrane consists almost entirely of a lipid bilayer‚ but it also contains large numbers of protein molecules in the lipid‚ many of which penetrate all the way through the membrane‚ as shown in Figure 4–2. The lipid bilayer is not miscible with either the extracellular
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from areas of high concentration to low concentration‚ thus requiring no energy. Many of the substances that enter or leave the cell do so through diffusion. Osmosis‚ a type of diffusion‚ is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane. In osmosis‚ water diffuses across the area of lower solute concentration to that of higher solute concentration until the solute concentrations of the environment and the cell are equal. Tonicity‚ which is the ability of a solution to gain or lose
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Activity 1: X-Gliders Lesson Objective: Campers will learn about the forces of flight‚ weight and balance when they construct a glider. As they improve the design of their glider they will understand that a variable is a single change in the engineering. Set-Up: Each student will need two foam trays‚ a plastic knife and an x-glider template. Materials for weight and balance can be distributed at a communal table. Demo and discussion: Start off the lesson by asking your campers‚ “What are gliders
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The Nervous System: Ion Channels 1. What structures in the cell membrane function as ion channels? Intergral Proteins 2. Ion channels are selective for specific ions. What three characteristics of the ions are important for this selectivity? a. Charge on ion (+ or -) b.Size c. The amount of water the Ion attracts 3. Channels can be classified as either gated or nongated channels. A sodium channel that is always open would be classified as a/an non-gated channel. 4. Would
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