chemoreceptor trigger zone‚ impulses are relayed across the to the integrative vomiting centre‚ causing an initiation of the emetic reflex. Therefore it is not merely the chemoreceptor trigger zone that stimulates the vomiting itself‚ but the integrative vomiting centre that results in the act of emesis (Rang‚ H.P.‚ et al‚
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Picking up a box from the floor and placing it on a shelf Light entering the eye forms an upside-down image on the retina. The retina transforms the light into nerve signals for the brain. The brain then turns the image right-side up and tells us what we are seeing. Our brain then computes to pick up the box. When a message comes into the brain from anywhere in the body‚ the brain tells the body how to react. the brain as a central computer that controls all bodily functions‚ then the nervous
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the brain involved in sensory perception. To begin‚ energy from the environment stimulates the receptor cells in whichever sense organ is being used. If this information were auditory‚ the ear would convert sound waves in the air into electrical impulses that would further be interpreted by the brain as sound. A sound wave first enters the pinna‚ the fleshy part of the ear on the outside of the body. It then travels through the external auditory canal where it then meets the eardrum‚ a thin membrane
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Drugs and the nervous system Neurotransmitters within the body include excitatory and inhibitory‚ noradrenalin‚ dopamine‚ serotonin; acetylcholine and glutamate are examples of excitatory neurotransmitters. GABA and glycine are examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters. General anaesthetics General anaesthetics act mainly on the central nervous system to stop information processing; these may be given by inhalation or intravenously. Nitrous oxide or laughing gas is used in maintain anaesthesia
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Key Terms neurotransmitters acetylcholine dopamine serotonin norepinephrine endorphins Exercises 1. Which of the following statements about neurotransmitters is false? a. Neurotransmitters allow impulses to flow from one neuron to another. b. Neurotransmitters prevent impulses from flowing from one neuron to another. c. Neurotransmitters are stored in the cell bodies of neurons. d. Each neurotransmitter is associated with a unique receptor. e. Unused neurotransmitter are recycled
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blanks 61 True/False 62 Bibliography 64 Summary The nervous system is composed of all nerve tissues in the body. The functions of nerve tissue are to receive stimuli‚ transmit stimuli to nervous centers‚ and to initiate response. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord and serves as the collection point of nerve impulses. The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves not in the brain or spinal cord and connects all parts of the body to the central nervous system
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be taken. To understand the structure and function of multipolar neuron‚unipolar and bipolar neurons. Also to identify the structures of a nerve. There are no safety concerns for this lab. Step 1: Relates to Lab Exercise 10/Activity 1‚ 3‚ and 4. Assignment 1: Write a brief description of the three slides (Neuron‚ Spinal Cord Smear and C.S of Myelinated Nerve Fibers) as though you were explaining it to someone who cannot see the slide. Neuron- There is a reddish rounded shape with lighter thin looking
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consists of two parts‚ central and peripheral. The central nervous system of vertebrates (such as humans) contains the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and retina. The peripheral nervous system consists of sensory neurons‚ clusters of neurons called ganglia‚ and nerves connecting them to each other and to the central nervous system. These regions are all interconnected by means
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the nerves. The nervous system enables a way for the brain to receive information about someone’s surrounding. Then‚ the brain is able to send signals to various areas of the body‚ so it can respond. Millions and millions of cells called neurons creates the nervous system. “Specialized neurons called receptors are located in the ears and eyes and the other sense organs of the body. The receptors translate events in a person’s surroundings . . . into nerve messages‚ which are known as impulses. Nerve
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Anatomy and Physiology • Essential tools for the study of anatomy: – Mastery of anatomical terminology – Observation – Manipulation – Palpation – Auscultation • Physiology: The study of function • Subdivisions: – Renal physiology – Neurophysiology – Cardiovascular physiology – Cell physiology 3 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology 4 Principle of Complementarity • Essential tools for the study of physiology: – Ability to focus at many levels (from systemic to cellular and
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