external stimulus and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve. a region of tissue‚ or a molecule in a cell membrane‚ that responds specifically to a particular neurotransmitter‚ hormone‚ antigen‚ or other substance. EYES & VISUAL SENSATION The human eye is capable of seeing only a tiny portion of the electromagnetic spectrum‚ a portion known as visible light. The eye is a highly intricate structure with over 100 million receptors that emit neural impulses when stimulated by light. More specifically‚ they
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Resting potential: the state of the neuron when not firing a neural impulse. Action potential: the release of the neural impulse consisting of a reversal of the electrical charge within the axon. Axon terminals branches at the end of the axon synaptic knob rounded areas on the end of the axon terminals. Synaptic vesicles saclike structures found inside
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the pupil‚ which regulates light entry into the inner eye and brings objects into focus. Light then then passes through the lens which focuses the light on the retina (made of rods and cones). The retina turns light into nerve impulses and sends it to the brain through the optic nerve. 2. Explain static and dynamic equilibrium. 6 points static equilibrium - The special sense which interprets the position of the head when not moving‚ allowing the CNS to maintain stability and posture. These
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t is plugged into the brain. The brain then processes these impulses where they are transformed into an image in our mind. What our minds experience is an image of the outside world similar to how a television projects an image captured by a television camera. In Putnam’s thought experiment‚ you imagine that your brain has been severed from the nerves connecting it to your senses (eyes‚ ears‚ nose‚ etc.) and has been removed from you skull and placed in a vat filled with the nutritional fluid
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eye controls how much light it receives by reducing and enlarging the size of the pupil. A camera lens has to be adjusted to receive the proper amount of light. Cameras Have no Blind Spot • the human eye has a "blind spot" located where the optic nerve leaves your eye and connects to the brain. At that connection point‚ the eye can’t see anything. A camera lens doesn’t have a connecting point like this and has no blind spot. Table: Similarities & the Difference between Camera and Human Eye Function
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have knowledge of the image as a pixelate map of activated and non-activated on the retina. Each photocell have a nerve that connects to a precise area in the visual cortex of the brain. When any photocells becomes activated‚ they send a nerve impulse to the brain‚ while the photocells that are not activated do not send any impulse to the brain. While the brain receive a collection of nerve signals from the eye‚ each signals are interpreted‚ and reconstructs the pixelate map. The brain then interprets
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CELL ULTRASTRUCTURE CELL ULTRASTRUCTURE Cells are the smallest functional units of the body‚ (Waugh‚ A. and Grant‚ A.2010). Most cells are microscopic. The largest cell in the body is the female ovum. The erythrocyte is the smallest cell. The longest cell is the neuron. Cells group together to form tissues‚ each of which has specialised function. Different tissues group together to form organs. Organs are group together to form organ systems‚ each of which performs a particular function that
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Ventral roots Motor cortex Ventral horn All of these are component of the somatic nervous system Mechanoreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure are called Baroreceptors Assessing spinal nerve damage may involve the use of a vibration fork that is tapped along segments of the spinal nerve pathway. Which type of sensory receptor detects vibrations? Tactile receptor During anesthesia‚ a complete disruption in sensory perceptions is desired. Which of the following events is NOT associated
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which causes muscle fatigue. (Mullick) During muscle fatigue‚ feedback of nerve impulses from the fatigued muscles interrupts on a part of the reticular formation and causes a hang-up of voluntary effort. (Amussen) It is important to understand that muscle fatigue results from metabolic reasons and not structural changes in your muscle. Peripheral muscle fatigue involves the motor units‚ such as motor neurons‚ peripheral nerves‚ motor endplates‚ and muscle fibers. There are two different sites where
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Vitamins and minerals :are often called micronutrient because body needs only small amount of them. Vita-life Amine-containing nitrogen • Vitamins are the organic compounds which enhance the metabolism of proteins‚ carbohydrates and fats. • Without vitamins the breakdown of food could not occur. • vitamins are participate in the formation of blood cells hormones nervous system and genetic material Classification of vitamins: Fat soluble vitamins ‚ *Water soluble vitamins Fat soluble
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