largest 4 firms in an industry. Formula: CR4= Σ4i=1 si Calculation: (11‚834‚883 + 3‚845‚900 + 3‚696‚800 + 3‚650‚647) / 44‚582‚621 = 0.5165292996 = 0.516 (3dp) =51% Analysis: As the four firm concentration ratio is >50% this insinuates that this market structure is that of an oligopoly. Calculating the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) Definition: The HHI is a concentration measure based on the sum of the squared market shares of all the firms in the industry. Formula:
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Chemical reactions * Chemical reactions occur when substances undergo chemical changes to form new substances * Production of gas and change of color are sings of chemical reactions * Chemical reactions rearrange atoms * A reactant is a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction * A product is a substance that forms in a chemical reaction Energy and Reactions * Energy must be added to break bonds. * Many forms of energy can be used to break bonds:
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Arthur Huignard MSc PPMBD Final Research Proposal TOPIC: Marketing’s role in the publishing industry: the new place for the e-books 1. Introduction For the past five thousand years‚ the History of mankind has been saved and remembered thanks to the paper. Since around 3400 BCE‚ the ancient Sumer of Mesopotamia created the first letters recognized nowadays as the precursor of the writing. Therefore‚ human beings used to always look at books and former writings to learn about their
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Chemistry of Garlic - Key Compounds in Garlic Although garlic has been traditionally used for over 5‚000 years‚ most scientific significance has just been developed in the past 50 years. The key compounds in garlic and its preparations include the following phytochemicals. Sulfur-containing compounds Recently‚ researchers have been focusing on the benefits of a variety of sulfur-containing compounds in garlic instead of allicin. These are classified as oil- and water-soluble compounds. Oil-soluble
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FORMAL LAB REPORT INTRODUCTION John Dalton’s atomic theory states that elements combine in simple numerical ratios to form compounds. A compound‚ no matter how it is formed‚ always contains the same elements in the same proportion by weight. The law of mass conservation states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed. In this experiment‚ the mass of the metal was not destroyed or created; the metal’s mass was simply changed into a compound form once the gas
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recommendations concerning additional areas (with some examples of performance measures) that your organisation could include in their Balanced Scorecard. Airline industry is very competitive as Jetstar isn’t the only Domestic Flight dominating the market. Porter’s Five- Forces Model is used to analyse the intensity and profitability of this industry. In order to illustrate Jetstar’s competitive advantage over its competitors‚ Porter’s Five Forces evaluation is assessed below. Porter’s Five Forces model
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Chemical equilibrium is a state of balance within a system of chemical reactions. Equilibrium in chemistry is achieved when substances are produced and broken down at the same rate and thus‚ the number of molecules of each substances becomes constant. Thermodynamics is a branch of physical science that involves the relationship between heat and other forms of energy (Energy‚ Enthalpy‚ and the First Law of Thermodynamics). There is a more specific area of thermodynamics that explicitly pertains to
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There are many types of chemical reactions‚ five general ones of which I will be describing. Chemical changes are a result of chemical reactions. All chemical reactions involve a change in substances and a change in energy. Neither matter nor energy is created or destroyed in a chemical reaction‚ only changed. There are so many chemical reactions that it is helpful to classify them into 5 general types‚ which include the following: synthesis‚ combustion‚ decomposition‚ single-replacement‚ and double-replacement
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Engro Chemical Pakistan Limited COMPANY PROFILE Engro Chemical Pakistan Limited is the second largest producer of Urea fertilizer in Pakistan. The company was incorporated in 1965 and was formerly Exxon Chemical Pakistan Limited until 1991‚ when Exxon decided to divest their fertilizer business on a global basis and sold off its equity of 75% shares in company. The Employees of Engro‚ in partnership with leading international and local financial institutions bought out Exxon’s equity and
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Chemical and Biological Weapons are Your FriendsAs we go on our daily lives‚ terrorists are buying and developing dangerous and hazardous biological and chemical weapons to obliterate us. They do not care who they harm; their mission is to cause terror‚ to spread chaos‚ to engulf the world in anarchy. They want to know that they are making people terminally ill and sick. They will be enjoying a job well done while your skin is covered with excruciating painful blisters‚ or while you tell your loved
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