Kālī (Sanskrit: काळी‚ IPA: [kɑːliː])‚ also known as Kālikā (Sanskrit: काळिका)‚ is the Hindu goddess associated with empowerment‚ shakti. The name Kali comes from kāla‚ which means black‚ time‚ death‚ lord of death‚ Shiva. Since Shiva is called Kāla—the eternal time—Kālī‚ his consort‚ also means "Time" or "Death" (as in time has come). Hence‚ Kāli is the Goddess of Time and Change. Although sometimes presented as dark and violent‚ her earliest incarnation as a figure of annihilator of evil forces
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Zhou: had alliance system with regional princes and nobles (feudalism) - eventually princes disregarded the central government. Extended territory of China to Middle Kingdom (between Huang He and Yangtze). Mandate of Heaven- justification for Chinese Imperial rule. Banned human sacrifice and standard language was Mandarin. Shi Huangdi: First emperor during the Qin dynasty. He ended the feudal system. Expanded the territory of China south. Started to build the Great Wall to guard against invasions
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The Lotus Sutra An important Mahayana text The Mahayana Scriptures • Mahayana scriptures have their own sacred texts called sutras (pali: suttas). • Earliest Mahayana scriptures were written down in the ancient Indian language of sanskrit between the first century B.C.E. and 150 C.E. (Some scholars say they were not complete until the 5th century C.E.). There is NO belief in an oral tradition like that of Theravada Buddhists. • These were also translated into other languages such as Tibetan‚ Chinese
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28.09.2014 BEGINNING SPANISH I SPANISH 1120 CULTURAL REPORT I (ASSIGNMENT I) LECTURER: MR. R. STEVEN GARFIELD DONE BY: SHALINI ATTANAYAKE 1. The Romans spoke the Latin language. It became the predecessor of Spanish during the middle Ages‚ when the Roman Empire fell. The Latin speaking regions that were politically unified began to disperse and differentiate. A nomadic tribe from Europe called Celts‚ mixed with inhabitants from Peninsula‚ formed a new group of people called the Celtiberians
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Critically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism‚ explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against thesecond Noble Truth. The four noble truths of Buddhism take an important role in this religion. As it is called forth noble truths‚ it mainly divided in 4 parts: Dukkha‚ Samudaya‚ Nirodha‚ and the last part is the Magga. The four
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Aryans (c. 1700- c. 500 B.C.E.)- Invasion of people from Central Asia Aryans-into northern plains thro mountain passes between Afghanistan and Pakistan Linguistic evidence—further migration to Persia-west into Europe Indo-European languages: Sanskrit‚ Hindi‚ Farsi‚ Greek‚ Latin‚ German‚ French‚ Spanish‚ Italian‚ and English Aryans-warlike‚ pastoral‚ chariots‚ herds First extant Indian literature: the 4 Vedas Vedas-sacred book‚ prayers‚ incantations‚ chants‚ rituals Source of some Hindu gods
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India’s languages‚ religions‚ dance‚ music‚ architecture‚ food and customs differ from place to place within the country‚ but nevertheless possess a commonality. India is the only country in the world to have so many religions and beliefs. The culture of India is an amalgamation of these diverse sub-cultures spread all over the Indian subcontinent and traditions that are several millennia old Religions and spirituality India is the birth place of Hinduism‚ Buddhism‚ Jainism and Sikhism‚ collectively
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Mahatma Gandhi: (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) (Father of the Nation‚ Rashtrapita‚ राष्ट्रपिता) was the pre-eminent political and spiritual leader of India during the Indian independence movement. He was the pioneer of satyagraha—resistance to tyranny through mass civil disobedience‚ firmly founded upon ahimsa or total non violence—which led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi led nationwide campaigns to ease poverty‚ expand women
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The question as to what would be the state language of Pakistan was raised immediately after its creation. Muslim scholars and leaders logically believed that Urdu‚ only spoken by 7%‚ should be the lingua franca because it had gained a reputation as the cultural symbol of subcontinental Muslims. However‚ eastern Pakistanis regarded Urdu as the language of the elite‚ not the language of the people in the eastern province - who made up 56% of Pakistan’s population - where Bangla was the mother tongue
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attribute the word Carnatic to the state of Karnataka and consider it to be the birth place of Carnatic Music‚ other musicologists differ and say that the word ‘Carnatic’ is deemed as anything that is soothing to the ears as ‘Karna’ translates to ear in Sanskrit.1 Carnatic music consists of mainly four important components or elements which are (1) Shruti which is known as pitch and (2) Swara a single musical sound or note and Carnatic music has seven swaras and these are given the name Saptaswara‚ the other
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