My purpose in this essay is to provide evidence that freedom and autonomy are linked‚ as well as subjectivity and morality. This essay will also show why existentialism is the only medium sufficient enough to obtain these ideals. This evidence will be provided through the works of Sartre and De Beauvoir‚ and will give us a basis to discuss why freedom cannot exist without an individual first being autonomous‚ as well as why subjectivity is necessary to form a correct moral code. Objections to this
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Utilitarianism and Kant’s respective have different ways for demonstrating whether an act we do is right or wrong. Corresponding to Kant‚ we should look at our maxims‚ intentions‚ of a particular action. Kantians believe “If we are rational‚ we will each agree to curb our self-interest and cooperate with one another” (Shafer-Landau‚ Russ 194). In other words‚ humans are rational beings capable of rational behavior and should not be used purely for self-interest. On the other hand‚ Utilitarian’s believe
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Immanuel Kant was an eighteenth century German philosopher whose moral views continue to be influential. He developed a deontological‚ absolute and objective ethical theory on the idea of moral law. Kant’s theory uses practical reason and looks at the argument before deciding what to do about the situation. It is described as being priori and synthetic (this meaning you don’t have to experience it to know what it means) and can be proven to be true or false without using experience. Kant believed
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JOHN SMITH PHIL 181: Ethics - Section 6 October 31‚ 2011 Nietzsche Response Paper In Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra‚ we learn that every one of our actions is influenced by a higher interest or objective‚ ultimately seeking personal fulfillment. Everything we do has a determined purpose that directs our life into a desired path. Aristotle portrays our actions as ends‚ and he believes that each end leads to a higher end until reaching a final end‚ eudaimonia. He believes that the only way
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Immanuel Kant concerns himself with deontology‚ and as a deontologist‚ he believes that the rightness of an action depends in part on things other than the goodness of its consequences‚ and so‚ actions should be judged based on an intrinsic moral law that says whether the action is right or wrong – period. Kant introduced the Categorical Imperative which is the central philosophy of his theory of morality‚ and an understandable approach to this moral law. It is divided into three formulations. The
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(1) Explain Kant’s moral theory. Explain and critique Kant’s response to “The Nazis Objection.” Immanuel Kant is one of the most respected and studied philosopher of all time and is known for his basic yet in-depth moral theories and the belief that morality stems not from divine command or cultural conditioning but from reasoning and human freedom. His straight forward beliefs come from his very strict Lutheran upbringing which consisted of universal rights and universal wrongs with no exceptions(
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on a singular person’s desires or wills. For Kant‚ categorical imperatives are the foundation for morality because they invoke “pure” reasons for our moral actions and decisions since each rational being reasons to act outside of their own personal desires or will which may cloud judgments or impose a biased verdict of the situation. Kant explains this by distinguishing two different kinds of imperatives; categorical and hypothetical. Obviously Kant is interested in categorical imperatives and uses
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According to Kant‚ the reasons behind an action is what gives moral worth to actions. This is also referred to as a maxim (Shafer-Landau‚ 2010‚ p. 147). As opposed to the utilitarian’s view‚ the morality of the action is not relevant if there is a good outcome‚ meaning what gives moral worth to an action are the consequences. There are some disadvantages and advantages to both Kant’s view and utilitarians’ views. Nonetheless‚ I think Kant’s views are preferable and more reasonable. One of the reasons
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Is Morality A Talent? One typically wouldn ’t think of morality when it comes to the nature versus nurture debate about the origin of personality‚ but after being faced with this issue I have realized that the origin of morality can be debated about all the same. With the classic nature versus nurture debate I myself have come to a conclusion that we are composed of a little bit of both nature and nurture‚ and I am still finding myself coming to that same conclusion with morality. I believe that
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Born in 1724‚ Immanuel Kant became an extremely important Prussian philosopher. His parents were poor as he grew up‚ and were part of a strict religious group – a protestant group known as Pietism. When he was sixteen‚ Kant went to university in Prussia and received the equivalent of a doctoral degree by the age of 31. He taught as a professor of logic and mathematics at the university and was an extremely popular lecturer‚ because people wanted to hear what he had to say. He wrote several notable
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