18.1.4 – 18.1.6 CALCULATIONS INVOLVING ACIDS AND BASES Review of Important formulas pH = ‐ log10[H+] [H+] = 10‐pH pKa = ‐ log10 Ka Ka = 10‐pKa pOH = ‐ log10[OH‐] [OH‐] = 10‐pOH pKb = ‐ log10 Kb Kb = 10‐pKb The ionic product of water = Kw = [H+] x [OH‐] = 1.0 x 10‐14 mol2 dm‐6 at 298 K The expression varies with temperature
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ACID BASE IMBALENCE INTRODUCTION The body normally maintains a steady balance between acids‚ produced during metabolism and bases that neutralize and promote the excretion of the acids.Many health problems may lead to acid base imbalance.Patients with Diabetis mellitus ‚COPD‚and kidney disease frequently frequently develop acid base imbalences. Vomiting and diarrhea may also cause acid base imbalance.The kidneys are an essential buffer system for
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STANDARDIATION OF ACID AND BASE Eunice Ivy B. Gamboa ABSTRACT Solutions of known concentration are prepared by dissolving measured masses of standard acids in distilled water. The concentrations of unknown solutions of sodium hydroxide are determined by titration. An acid solution reacts with a base solution in a "neutralization" reaction. Titrations permit the concentrations of unknown acids/bases to be determined with a high degree of accuracy. In order to analyze unknown acids/bases‚ we must have
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This paper is an analysis conducted on Nucleic Acids through a variety of tests specifically‚ Dische‚ Murexide‚ Wheeler-Johnson and Phosphate Tests in order to exemplify structural features of nucleic acids as well as identify the principle involved in each chemical test. Different procedures and different test compounds were applied‚ and results were noted as for changes in colors of precipitates or solutions. For Dische Test‚ light blue was obtained for RNA and dark violet for DNA. For Murexide
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Acid-Base Titrations A Titration of Potassium Hydroxide Phthalate and Sodium Hydroxide Hanna Piper Department of Chemistry‚ SUNY College at Brockport‚ Brockport‚ NY 14420 Chemistry 205.06 Abstract Titrations are used to find the molarity of an unknown solution. A titration begins with an analyte and titrant being used to measure the unknown molarity of the analyte. In the following experiment‚ sodium hydroxide was used as the titrant and potassium hydroxide phthalate was used as the
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Preparation of Aspirin The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid) from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. CO2H OH salicylic acid 2g 0.014 mole O O O CH3 H2SO4 ethyl acetate CO2H O O acetyl salicylic acid acetic acid CH3 O + H3C + H3C OH acetic anhydride 5 mL 0.05 mole The limiting reagent is salicylic acid. The theoretical yield of acetyl salicylic acid is 2.52 g. Physical Data:* mp MW salicylic acid 157-9˚ 138 acetyl salicylic acid 135-6˚
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Diels-Alder Reaction: Synthesis of cis-Norbornene-5‚ 6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride Introduction: The Diels-Alder reaction is a [4+2] cycloaddition of a conjugated diene and a dienophile. This type of reaction was named for Otto Diels and Kurt Alder who were the first to investigate this reaction (Weldegirma‚ 2012). The Diels- Alder reaction is one of the most important reactions in all of organic chemistry because of the applicability of it. This reaction can form
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We had started our experiment by learning about the change in the earth and what it does to the concentration in the oceans water. When global changes occur‚ they don’t only change that one thing it changes many things. Such as concentration in the water. For example‚ when heavy machinery or facilities burn fossil fuels‚ which releases more carbon dioxide in the air‚ the ocean sucks it up and the acidity in the water completely changes even if it goes up by .1 or .2 percent it’s still a lot and will
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Richard Trinh 5/29/13 TA: Jingy Wang Experiment #4 Recrystallization of Pure Phthalic Acid‚ Benzoic Acid and Napthalene Introduction Recrystallization is a important method in purifying organic compounds which are solid. It is an effective method that is important to be familiar with that is essential in the industrial chemical world. This experiment will allow students to be familiarized with the technique of recrystallization by working with phtalic acid‚ benzoic acid and naphthalene from
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Experiment Acids‚ Bases‚ and Neutrals Problem Are common house-hold products pH balanced and neutral? Information Gathered pH measures how acidic or alkaline a solution is. The pH scale ranges from 0-14. Solutions that range from 0-6 are considered to be acidic. Solutions that are on the acidic end of the scale are low in pH‚ high in hydrogen ion‚ and low in hydroxyl ions. An acid has a sour taste‚ hence‚ will react to metal and will be corrosive; therefore‚ they are considered as an electrolyte
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