Manufacture of Paracetamol Introduction Paracetamol‚ the most common medicine nowadays‚ has been used by people
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cellulose) Nitrocellulose Preparation Chill the acids below 0°C. In a fume hood‚ mix equal parts nitric and sulfuric acid in a beaker. Drop cotton balls into the acid. You can tamp them down using a glass stirring rod. Don’t use metal. Allow the nitration reaction to proceed for about 15 minutes (Schönbein’s time was 2 minutes)‚ then run cold tap water into the beaker to dilute the acid. Allow the water to run for a while. Turn off the water and add a bit of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) to the
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Thin Layer Chromatography Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for: CHE 324 Organic Chemistry Laboratory Dr. Robert Duncan Fall Semester 2012 Caitlin Inman‚ Team Leader October 9‚ 2012 Tyler Byrd‚ Data Collection Shared Role‚ Technique Expert Introduction: “Chromatography is used to separate components of a mixture. For example‚ imagine a mixture of wood pieces‚ pebbles‚ and large rocks to be separated and the chromatography setup as a stream. Flowing water
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Rgt/Pdt | Structure | Physical Properties | Hazards | acetone | | Physical State: LiquidAppearance: colorlessBoiling Point: 56.20CMelting Point: -95.30CDensity: 0.79 g/cm3 | Causes eye and skin irritation. May cause central nervous system depression. May cause liver and kidney damage. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Extremely flammable. | aniline | | Physical State: LiquidAppearance: oily - colorlessBoiling Point: 1840CMelting Point: -60CDensity: 1.0216 g/cm3 | Combustible. Hazardous in
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Panacetin‚ a type of pain-killer. Panacetin is typically made up of sucrose‚ aspirin‚ and acetaminophen‚ but the third component in this experiment is unknown. The unknown component is suspected to be a chemical relative of acetaminophen‚ either acetanilide or phenacetin. Using techniques such as extraction‚ evaporation‚ and filtration‚ the three components will be isolated based on their solubilities and acid-base properties. Then‚ the percent composition of Panacetin can be deduced based on the masses
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Experiment 1: separating components of a counterfeit pharmaceutical Aim Counterfeit pharmaceuticals are a big concern regarding the issue of medicines due to fake versions containing either the wrong ingredients or inaccuracy of the active ingredient which can cause toxicity issues in patients using these products. The aim of this experiment
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Introduction : "Aromatic" and "aromatic compound" sidetrack here. For implications identified with odor‚ see fragrance compound. Two distinctive reverberation types of benzene (top) consolidate to create a normal structure (base) In natural science‚ the term aromaticity is utilized to depict a cyclic (ring-molded)‚ planar (level) particle that shows strange dependability when contrasted with other geometric or connective game plans of the same arrangement of iotas. As an aftereffect of their security
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2-naphthol‚ and naphthalene. These organic solids are purified by partitioning the solid in 2 immiscible solvents‚ diethyl ether and sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide. II. Significance a. The significance of the Extraction lab is to purify Acetanilide benzoic acid‚ 2-naphthol‚ and naphthalene by determining the partition coefficient. This value is determined by dividing the solubility of the given solute in the extraction solvent (Sodium bicarbonate or Sodium hydroxide)) by the solubility in
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which undergoes a rapid de-protonation by the base in the second step to restore aromaticity (Figure 3). E H E H + E+ E H fast E + HB+ B Figure 3. Some common electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are: halogenation‚ nitration‚ sulfonation‚ Friedel-Crafts Acylation and Friedel-Crafts alkylation. These differ only in the Indian Institute of Technology Madras Engineering Chemistry III Prof. K. M. Muraleedharan nature and mode of generation of electrophiles‚
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Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Unsaturated hydrocarbons Have fewer hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon chain than alkanes. Are alkenes with double bonds. Are alkynes with triple bonds. 1 Structure of Alkenes Alkenes (and alkynes) are unsaturated hydrocarbons Alkenes have one or more double bonds The two bonds in a double bond are different: - one bond is a sigma () bond; these are cylindrical in shape and are very strong - the other is a pi (π) bond; these involve sideways overlap of
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