Lab 3: Solubility of Organic Compounds Objectives: Understanding the relative solubility of organic compounds in various solvents. Exploration of the effect of polar groups on a nonpolar hydrocarbon skeleton. Introduction: The solubility of a solute (a dissolved substance) in a solvent (the dissolving medium) is the most important chemical principle underlying three major techniques you will study in the organic chemistry laboratory: crystallization‚ extraction‚ and chromatography.
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treating chalcone 1a (??) with acetylacetone 2a (??) in the presence of morpholine as the base (??) in CH3CN at 80 ºC for 12 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC until the disappearance of the starting material and the formation of 1-(5-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-phenyl-2‚3-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethanone 3a. this reaction mixture‚ containing the 2‚3-dihydrofuran 3a generated in situ‚ was treated with sulfur element (??) in the presence of base of morpholine (??) at 80°C and the desired thiophene 4a was obtained
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Introduction Acetic anhydride is a colorless liquid with a pungent vinegar-like odor when it reacts with water to form acetic acid. The boiling point of acetic anhydride is 140°C and the melting point is -73°C. It is soluble in ether‚ chloroform and benzene. It is soluble in water when acetic anhydride decomposes. The density of acetic anhydride is 1.082 g/ml in liquid state and its molecular weight is 102.09 g/mol. Acetic anhydride is most widely used for the conversion of cellulose to cellulose acetate
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which decays into nitrogen. [edit]DNA reactive chemicals A DNA adduct (at center) of benzo[a]pyrene‚ the major mutagen in tobacco smoke. A large number of chemicals may interact directly with DNA. However‚ many such as PAHs‚ aromatic amines‚ benzene are not necessarily mutagenic by themselves‚ but through metabolic processes in cells they produce mutagenic compounds. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) - These may be superoxide‚ hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide‚ and large number of these highly
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by your doctor. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Do not increase your dose or use this drug more often than prescribed without consulting your doctor 4) Functional Groups: Hydroxyl (alcohol) Carboxyl acid Methyl groups Rufinamide 1) Structure: 2) Name: Rufinamide 3) Rufinamide is an anti-epileptic medication‚ also called an anticonvulsant. Rufinamide is used in combination with other medications to treat seizures caused by Lennox-Gastaut
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2-butanone‚ benzene‚ propanoic acid‚ 3-methyl-1-butanol‚ 2-methyl-1-butanol‚ butanoic acid‚ 2-methyl butanoic acid‚ 3-methyl butanoic acid‚ 4-methyl pentanoic acid‚ phenol and benzaldehyde. It has been reported that TMA‚ benzaldehyde and 4 to 7 carbon chain acids are the most important contributors to the aroma of fish sauce. 3-Methylbutanal and 2-methylbutanal were also present at concentrations greater than their thresholds of 0.2 and 3 ppb‚ respectively [14‚15]‚ in addition 2-methyl and 3-methylbutanal
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Several organic compounds with different functional groups were tested to identify the functional groups present in the compound. n-heptane‚ pentene‚ benzene‚ heptanol‚ sec-butanol‚ phenol‚ acetyl chloride‚ buteraldehyde‚ benzaldehyde‚ 2-butanone‚ propanoic acid‚ sucrose‚ diethyl ether‚ butyl bromide‚ acetonitrile‚ L-alanine‚ n-amyl acetate‚ benzene sulfonyl chloride and aniline were used as test compounds. Observations were noted‚ such as changes in color and product formation. Iodine test‚ bromine
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Extraction and analysis of two compounds from unknown solution C ABSTRACT Liquid C and solid C were both extracted from unknown solution by first using chemically active liquid-liquid extract‚ followed by vacuum filtration. Liquid C and solid C were then purified with the use of simple distillation and recrystallization respectively. Through the process of recrystallization‚ the percentage purity of solid C was found to be 6.01%. The melting point range of purified solid C was 117.0 – 119
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Chemical Engineering and Processing 46 (2007) 774–780 Reactive distillation: The front-runner of industrial process intensification A full review of commercial applications‚ research‚ scale-up‚ design and operation G. Jan Harmsen a‚b a Shell Global Solutions‚ Shell Research and Technology Center Amsterdam‚ P.O. Box 38000‚ 1030 BN Amsterdam‚ The Netherlands b RijksUniversiteit Groningen‚ Nijenborgh 4‚ 9747 AG Groningen‚ The Netherlands Received 19 June 2007; accepted 20 June 2007 Available
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3. How many of the following are found in 15.0kmol of benzene(C6H6)? a) kg C6H6 b) mol C6H6 c) Ib-mol C6H6 d) mol (g-atom) C e) mol H f) g C g) g H h) molecules of C6H6. 4. Liquid toluene C7H8 ( SG:0.866)is flowing through a pipe at a rate of 175 m3/h. a) What is the mass flow rate of this stream in kg/min? b) What is the molar flow rate in mol/s? 5. A mixture of methanol and methyl acetate contains 15.0 wt% methanol. a) Determine the
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