UNIVERSITY OF THE GAMBIA LECTURE NOTES COURSE: PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) CODE: CHM 161 2ND SEMESTER SESSION: 2012/2013 LECTURER: ANTHONY F. ADJIVON UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION Organic chemistry started as the chemistry of life‚ when that was thought to be different from the chemistry in the laboratory. Then it became the chemistry of carbon compounds‚ especially those found in coal. Now it is both. It is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon along with other elements
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major types. Hydrocarbons react differently in reagents. The basis of determining an unknown hydrocarbon is due to the differences in reactions of hydrocarbons. An unknown compound is determined using tests. The unknown gives a positive result in nitration test and gives no brown precipitate in oxidation test. The unknown is an aromatic and non-alkylated compound. _______________________________________________ Introduction: Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that composed of only hydrogen and
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the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and they may cause anything from slight bronchial irritation to a fatal pulmonary edema. The second hazard we meet with in the dye industry is from the products formed by the action of mixed acid on the benzene series of
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Chapter 3 3.1 Identify the functional groups in each of the following molecules: O C NH2 H N O C OH H C CH2 (a) (b) O (c) Solutions: a. b. c. d. Amide‚ double bond Amine‚ carboxylic acid Double bond‚ ketone‚ ester O OCH3 (d) CH2OH Aromatic ring‚ double bond‚ alcohol (a) Alcohol (d) Amine (b) Aromatic ring (e) both ketone and amine (c) Carboxylic acid (f) two double bonds 3.2 Propose structures for simple molecules that contain the following functional groups:
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required in an organic laboratory‚ to carry out syntheses that are discussed in the lecture course‚ and to familiarize you with the principles employed in identifying a simple organic compound. Occupational Health and Safety Notices The Elements 1. Nitration of acetanilide 2. Hydrolysis of p – nitroacetanilide and thin layer chromatography 3. Separation of a three – component mixture by extraction 4. Completion of experiments from day 1 to 4 5. NMR workshop 6. Sandmeyer Reaction: Preparation
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University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Laboratory RECRYSTALLIZATION OF ACETANILIDE USING WATER AS SOLVENT Lagarteja‚ M.C.B.; Lim‚ H.G.N.; Lizo‚ K.J.R.; *Macalino‚ M.D.L.; Macapala‚ C. 2D-Pharmacy‚ Faculty of Pharmacy‚ University of Santo Tomas Abstract Recrystallization is a technique used to purify organic solids. This method involves dissolving of a solute in a solvent and inciting the solute to produce a precipitate from a solution. In this experiment‚ acetic
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often used as a lubricant. Graphite is also able to conduct electricity‚ whereas diamond cannot. Both‚ however‚ have extremely high melting and boiling points. Explain. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1. Draw structural diagrams of the following: a) 4-methyl-2-heptene b)
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the alcohol is a meta-substituted benzene ring. The singlet peak with a chemical shift of~ 4.7 ppm with an integration of 1 is from the hydrogen on the OH group. The peak at ~ 1.7 ppm corresponds to the hydrogen of the carbon that is attached to the OH group. The peak with a chemical shift of 3.7 ppm with an integration of 3 comes from the hydrogens of the methoxy group. And finally‚ the peak with an integration of 3 with a shift of 1.4 ppm comes from the methyl group that neighbors the
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reaction A2(g)B2(g) → 2A(g) + 2B(g) at the temperature 400 0 C has the rate Constant K =2.0x10 -4 sec -1 . What percentage of A2B2 is decomposed on heating for 900 seconds. Q.11 Do the following conversions: (i) Methyl bromide to acetone. (ii) Benzyl chloride to 2-phenyl acetic acid. Q.12 How will you distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: (i) Chloroform and carbon tetra chloride.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our gratitude to our Health‚ Safety and Environment lecturer‚ Assoc Prof Dr Mohd Azmuddin bin Abdullah for allowing us to learn more about safety in the workplace environment. All the thing that we have been lectured on will be a valuable asset for our own safety in the future while working in our own respective workplace. All the tips and advices given by him will be used to its full extent to make our project as perfect as possible. We also want to thanks
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