What are esters? Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. A carboxylic acid contains the -COOH group‚ and in an ester the hydrogen in this group is replaced by a hydrocarbon group of some kind. This could be an alkyl group like methyl or ethyl‚ or one containing a benzene ring like phenyl. A common ester - ethyl ethanoate The most commonly discussed ester is ethyl ethanoate. In this case‚ the hydrogen in the -COOH group has been replaced by an ethyl group. The formula for ethyl ethanoate
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The Preparation of Methyl Salicylate Introduction: Esters have various smells that differ due to the types of carboxylic acids and alcohols one mixes together. This is called esterfication. The reaction is catalyzed by an inorganic acid usually H2SO4 Purpose: In this lab Methanol alcohol and Salicylic acid were reacted together to form Methyl Salicylate. This was done to determine the characteristic odour of the Methyl Salicylate. Safety: Safety goggles must be worn at all times. Methanol: Toxic
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acetylsalicylic acid commonly known as aspirin and methyl salicylate‚ commonly known as oil of wintergreen‚ was synthesized from salicylic acid. This study will show that it is possible to show two very different organic compounds from the same common starting material. For the synthesis of aspirin‚ salicylic acid was mixed with one drop of 85% H2SO4 and 0.3mL of acetic anhydride. The collected aspirin was obtained by means of vacuum filtration. For the synthesis of methyl salicylate‚ 0.25g of salicylic acid was
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are alkyl or aryl-magnesium halides that act as the nucleophile in Grignard reactions‚ where ketones are reacted with the reagent‚ then treated with acid to produce an alcohol. In the case of this experiment‚ methylmagnesium iodide was created from methyl iodide and magnesium metal. It acted as the Grignard Reagent in Part B upon which it was reacted with benzoin to create 1‚2-diphenyl-1‚2-propanediol. A racemic mixture of benzoin was used‚ and such theoretically both diasteriomers of the diol could
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p IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DU DIPLÔME DU BI PROGRAMA DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI Chemistry Higher level and standard level Specimen paper 1s‚ 2s and 3s For first examinations in 2009 CONTENTS Chemistry higher level paper 1 specimen paper Chemistry higher level paper 1 specimen markscheme Chemistry higher level paper 2 specimen paper Chemistry higher level paper 2 specimen markscheme Chemistry higher level paper 3 specimen paper Chemistry higher level paper 3 specimen markscheme
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1 2 Initial Burette Reading (mL) 25.00 18.50 Final Burette Reading (mL) 49.80 43.50 NH4OH used (mL) 24.80 25.00 Average Titre Volume (mL) Table 1.2 : Volume of 0.1M of NH4OH used to titrate 25mL of 0.1M of HCl using screened methyl orange as indicator. B. Weak acid-strong base titration 1 2 Initial Burette Reading (mL) 15.10 13.30 Final Burette Reading (mL) 40.30 38.70 NaOH used (mL) 25.20 25.40 Average Titre Volume (mL) Table 2.1: Volume of 0.1M of NaOH
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Solubility and Functional Groups _______________________________________________________ You will recall from general chemistry that a solution has two components: the solvent‚ which is the substance present in greater amount‚ and the solute‚ which is dissolved in the solvent. Solubility is defined as the mass (in grams) of solute dissolved in 100 g of solute at saturation. Molar solubility is defined as the amount (in moles) of solute per liter of saturated solution. The solubility of one compound
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this procedure were benzophenone‚ malonic acid‚ and biphenyl. These three solids were then mixed with water (highly polar)‚ methyl alcohol (intermediately polar)‚ and hexanes (nonpolar). When benzophenone is mixed with water the results turned out to be insoluble because benzophenone is a pure hydrocarbon‚ which are very insoluble in water. When benzophenone was mixed with methyl alcohol‚ it was soluble because Methanol can hydrogen bond to the carbonyl oxygen of benzophenone. When benzophenone was
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Synthesis of Salicylic Acid Experimental Data: 1. Mass of methyl salicylate used: 0.232 g 2. Theoretical yield of salicylic acid: 0.211 g 3. Volume H2SO4 added‚ with units (drops or mL): 3mL 4. Mass of crude salicylic acid obtained: 0.250 g 5. Volume of water used as recrystallizing solvent: 2 mL 6. Mass of purified salicylic acid: 0.134 g 7. Percent yield of purified salicylic acid from reaction: 63.5% 8. Melting point of purified product: 158-160 oC 9. Name of NMR solvent used and
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The mass of watch glass‚ g | 36.2842 | The mass of watch glass with product‚ g | 39.9803 | The mass of product‚ borix acid‚ g | 3.6961 | Test | Result | Boric acid is dissolved in water and methyl red indicator is added. | Pink solution is observed | Mannitol is dissolved in water and methyl red indicator is added. | Pink solution is observed | Both solution is added together | The colour of solution remain unchanged | A little methanol and concentrated sulphuric acid is added to boric
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