Alkenes from Alcohols: Analysis of a Mixture by Gas Chromatography Aim: To analyze a mixture of alkenes by gas chromatography. Introduction: In this lab‚ we specifically used elimination reaction; however we only used the E1 reaction. In the presence of strong acids‚ alcohols protonate to form a good leaving group‚ namely water. Upon loss of a proton to a good leaving group‚ an introduction of unsaturation (a double bond) can be preformed. According to Wikipedia‚ an E2 reaction is typically
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Title : Properties of hydrocarbon Objective : 1) To study the properties of hydrocarbons. 2) To determine the unknown samples. Results : Part A : Combustion Compounds Observations Hexane There was orange flame and burned mildly during the burning process. No soots and smoke were produced. C6H14 + 19/2 O2 6CO2 + 7H2O Cyclohexene Orange flame burned vigorously. A small amount of black soot and smoke were produced during the burning process.
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fiber and other downstream products. The demand for Benzene in India is growing steadily and has reached almost 600 KTA which is expected to increase further by another 400 KTA by the end of 12th 5 year plan. There is a need for capacity expansion for Benzene. The primary source for benzene supply is reformate or toluene transalkylation based production units which accounted for about 400 KTA and 620 KTA of capacity respectively. Lower purity Benzene from coke ovens also accounts for small amount of
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formula and the molar mass of the compound. Benzene‚ for example‚ has an empirical formula of CH. In a molecule of benzene‚ the number of carbon atoms (C) and hydrogen atoms (H) are the same. The molar mass of benzene is 78.11 g/mol. We can determine the molecular formula of benzene by first calculating the molar mass of the empirical formula‚ which is 13.02 g/mol. We then determine the number of empirical units in a molecule by dividing the molar mass of benzene by the empirical molar mass: Number of
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In everyday life‚ many if not most of the chemicals you come in contact with are organic chemicals. Examples include drugs‚ synthetic fabrics‚ paints‚ plastics‚ etc. Synthesis of Aspirin and Methyl Salicylate. The two compounds we will be preparing‚ aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and oil of wintergreen (methyl salicylate)‚ are both organic esters. An ester is a compound that is formed when an acid (containing the COOH group) reacts with an alcohol (a compound containing an -OH group). O C R1 O H
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Texas As pollutants in Dallas increase and attention looms what will be done about the team is pressed in gather information that will help in educating the public on what can be done about the top five pollutants. The top five are Formaldehyde‚ Benzene‚ Acetaldehyde‚ Carbon Tetrachloride and Butadiene. The team is addressing the issue of mitigating the pollution of the number polluter in Dallas‚ Formaldehyde. Coordinating the effort in study‚ impact on the local economy‚ and local business will
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your salicylic acid. The IR spectrum was not performed since we ran out of time due to the fire alarm. 3. What was the purpose of the hydrochloric acid? Methyl salicylate reaction with NaOH gives sodium salt of carboxylic acid. The sodium salt of the acid and the phenol treated with HCl gives salicylic acid. In other words‚ HCl helps methyl salicylic precipitate since salicylic acid isn’t very soluble in an
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Coco Methyl Ester (CME)/ Biodiesel You may be perhaps heard several rumors regarding Coco methyl ester (CME) or also recognized as Biodiesel. Biodiesel is a substance that can boost and make your automobile run better. This substance comes from coconut oil and goes through into a procedure called as esterification. It is not come from a typical crude oil‚ which is normally being imported from different oil-producing nations. After extorting the coconut oil from copra or dried coconut meat
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The elemental and spectral analyses of synthesized compounds have been carried out at SAIF Punjab University‚ Chandigarh. The purity of compounds was checked on thin layers of silica gel in various non-aqueous solvent systems‚ e.g. benzene: ethylacetate (9:1)‚ benzene: ethylacetate (8:2). Molecular weight determinations were carried out by the Rast camphor method. Molar conductance measurements were made in anhydrous dimethylformamide at 25±5 °C using a Systronics conductivity bride model 305. The
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Introduction Extraction is a purification technique used in organic chemistry to separate compounds from a mixture of two or more compounds. There are three different extraction techniques: liquid-liquid extraction‚ solid-liquid extraction and chemically active extraction. All three types of extraction follow the same principle. Organic molecules dissolve in organic solvents and polar molecules dissolve in aqueous solvents. This phenomenon is observed because of the intermolecular forces between
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