sterilized in the flame before and after being put into the TSA slant containing the unknown bacteria. After the medium was inoculated it was incubated in the 37ºC room for 24 hours. When that was finished the test tube was taken out and 15 drops of methyl red indicator was to the medium(Leboffe & Pierce‚ 162). Voges-Proskaur Test The next test was the VP test. As always the inoculating tool was sterilized in the flame of the burner before and after picking up the bacteria. After the media was inoculated
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PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM KARANJA OIL BY TRANSESTERIFICATION INTRODUCTION Majority of the worlds energy needs are supplied through petrochemical sources‚ coal and natural gases‚ with the exception of hydroelectricity and nuclear energy. All these sources are finite and at current rate of usage these will be consumed shortly. The high energy demand in the industrialized world as well as in the domestic sector and pollution problems caused due to the widespread use of fossil fuels make it
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William son Eth er Synth esis Introduction In this reaction‚ an alcohol is deprotonated to form a good nucleophile‚ which then attacks the electrophile methyl iodide to form an ether. Tetrabutylammonium bromide‚ a phase transfer catalyst‚ is used to carry ions back and forth between the organic phase and the aqueous phase. OH O NaOH + NaI + H2O CH3I Before coming to lab‚ please review the following techniques: "Reluxing a reaction‚" "Extraction and washing‚" "Drying an Organic Solvent‚" "Evaporating
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cm3 Beaker‚ 250 cm3 Retort stand Burette clamp Burette‚ 50cm3 Pipette‚ 25cm3 Pipette filler Beaker‚ 100cm3 White tile Conical flask‚ 250cm3 Reagents used: Distilled Water Hydrated Sodium Borate 1.0 M Hydrochloric acid Screened methyl orange Sodium Borate solution Method: Prepare a standard solution of hydrated sodium borate (250cm3 solution) Place the weighing bottle on the balance and record the mass of the empty bottle. Add approximately 4.80 grams of the hydrated sodium
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the distinctive components of a mixture interact to different extents with the stationary and mobile phases. It was determined that Unknown #7 contains Methylene blue‚ Methyl violet‚ Basic fuchsin‚ and Methyl red. We determined that Unknown #3 contains Methylene blue‚ Rhodamine B‚ Methyl violet‚ and Clayton Yellow (or Methyl red). The reason that the yellow or red is stated is because there were no Rf values and the colors had to be compared to the pictures that were taken of the other TLC plates
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Abstract: A qualitative analysis experiment was conducted to determine the identity of an unknown aldehyde or ketone. The tests include a Tollens test‚ a Schiff test‚ an iodoform test‚ and a derivative melting point test. The data of the first three tests was inconclusive. The final derivative melting point test was utilized to successfully determine that the unknown was the ketone‚ Propiophenone. Introduction: Qualitative analysis is a method or series of methods used to determine the
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in general‚ whether gram-positive or gram-negative.] Perform catalase test. {Catalase test is positive.} Inoculate test tubes prepared with the following mediums – Triple Sugar Iron agar slant (TSI slant)‚ Bile Esculin Agar slant (BEA tube)‚ a methyl-red Voges-Proskauer tube (MR-VP tube) and a Urease tube. Incubate the inoculated tubes‚ to be read at the following lab session. Observe results of tests inoculated during the last session [Note: I used the wrong setting on my digital camera to
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Nicole Vigliotti Partner: Camille Dupiton Lab #1 Purification of a Solid: Crystallization and Melting Point Section: A61 Laboratory Exercise #1 Purification of a Solid: Crystallization and Melting Point Introduction In this lab exercise‚ we will be learning experimental techniques using glassware and other apparatuses. In order to successfully complete this lab‚ we will use techniques 1.0‚ 1.1‚1.2‚2.0‚2.1‚2.2‚ and 2.3 that are described in the Lab Manuel.
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Measurement of the amount of light to the absorbance is called spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer used to test the sample by passing through the light it’s worked to measure the light that passing through. Biological substances such bromophenol blue and methyl orange‚ are the common substances to be used in testing of interaction of substance with the light. These solutions called pigments where they usually can absorb the visible of light that passing through it. The cleared compounds or solution also
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fractions: H2O ⇒ 1.34 mol / (1.34 mol + 0.543 mol) = 0.71 C2H5OH ⇒ 0.543 mol / (1.34 mol + 0.543 mol) = 0.29 Example #3: A solution contains 10.0 g pentane‚ 10.0 g hexane and 10.0 g benzene. What is the mole fraction of hexane? Solution: 1) You need to determine the moles of pentane‚ hexane and benzene: to do this‚ you need the molecular weights. Here are the formulas: pentane: C5H12
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