August 28‚ 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] Chapter 16 Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ NOTE: A table of ionization constants and Ka’s is required to work some of the problems in this chapter. 1. In which one of the following solutions will acetic acid have the greatest percent ionization? A. B. C. D. 2. Which one of the following is a buffer solution? A. B. C. D. E. 3. 0.40 M HCN and
Free PH Buffer solution Sodium hydroxide
determination of Ascorbic acid Concentration in an Unknown Solution Introduction: The naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties is Ascorbic acid shortly referred as (AA). Normally the color of Ascorbic acid is white‚ but in some cases of impure samples it appears yellow in color. Ascorbic acid is solid in state. In water it dissolves well to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C [1]. So‚ Ascorbic Acid (AA) in other terminology
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Vitamin C Introduction: The lab consists in determining the vitamin C concentration in a solution by a redox titration using iodine. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble‚ essential oxidant that plays a vital role in the protection of the body from infections and disease it is acquired from primary fruits and vegetables. With the use of different materials as natural orange juice‚ Tampico (chemical orange juice) and other solutions that contain vitamin C we will find the amount of vitamin
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An Unknown Amino Acid From Titration Abstract Experiment 11 used a titration curve to determine the identity of an unknown amino acid. The initial pH of the solution was 1.96‚ and the pKa’s found experimentally were 2.0‚ 4.0‚ and 9.85. The accepted pKa values were found to be 2.10‚ 4.07‚ and 9.47. The molecular weight was calculated to be 176.3 while the accepted value was found to be 183.5. The identity of the unknown amino acid was established to be glutamic acid‚ hydrochloride. Introduction
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basic‚ or neutral. We are able to figure out which one it is based on properties‚ along with the pH. Acids taste sour‚ and bases taste bitter. Using the pH scale‚ you are able to know how strong of an acid or base a liquid is. High concentration of [H+] ions means that the liquid has a low pH. Therefore a liquid with a low concentration of [H+] would have a high pH. A pH of less than 7 represents an acid‚ while a pH above 7 represents a base. A pH of 7 would be neutral. In this lab‚ we used red cabbage
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UNIVERSITY TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN FACULTY OF SCIENCE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE(HONS)BIOCHEMISTRY YEAR 1 SEMESTER 1 UDEC1164 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Name: Cheong Wai See Student ID: 1404057 Practical Group: 1 Title of Experiment: Name of Tutor: Dr. Mohammod Aminuzzaman Date: 24 February 2016 Tiltle: Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Objectives: -To prepare methyl-3-nitrobenzoate from nitration of methyl benzoate by electropilic aromatic substitution. -To calculate the percentage yield and get the melting point of methyl-3-nitrobenzoate
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effect of nitrating agent concentrations on the results. Initially‚ toluene is combined with a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Both of these must be reduced to ice-cold temperatures prior to mixing because the reaction is exothermic. Failure to maintain low temperatures may result in polynitration of the toluene to trinitrotoluene. The nitric acid is combined with sulfuric acid to create the nitronium ion that is to be reacted with toluene (see mechanism below). The nitronium ion
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with copper‚ Cu (s). | reddish‚ brownish‚ orange-ish‚ powder-like | 2. Added nitric acid‚ HNO3 (aq). | acid turns blue and smells like chlorine. | 3. Added water‚ H2O (l). | stayed the same | 4. Added sodium hydroxide‚ NaOH (aq). | changed consistency‚ gel-like | 5. Heated the mixture | becomes darker‚ dark-brown-like‚ shavings | 6. Filtered the solid and added sulfuric acid‚ H2SO4 (aq)‚ to it. | sulfuric acid cleans off the copper | 7. Added zinc‚ Zn (s). | bubbles‚ zinc turns white
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Title: Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Objective: To prepare methyl-3-nitrobenzene from nitration of methyl benzoate. Results and calculations: Density = 1.094 g/ml = Mass of methyl benzoate = 1.094 g/ml x 2.8 ml = 3.0632 g no. of mol of methyl benzoate = = 0.022499 mol 1 mol of methyl benzoate produced 1 mol of methyl m-nitrobenzene. Therefore‚ 0.022499 mol of methyl benzoate produced 0.022499 mol of methl
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As a liquid evaporates‚ it lowers the temperature of the substances around them‚ because evaporation is an endothermic process. In the graph‚ each substance has a different curve. Some lowered the temperature much more than others. This is because different substances require differing amounts of energy to evaporate. To test this‚ the temperature change from the evaporation of 4 different alcohols was measured and compared‚ along with cyclohexane. Methanol had the largest change in temperature‚ 18
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