2.6.6. Levels of total ammonia nitrogen‚ nitrite‚ nitrate and phosphate in the water samples The mean TAN levels in the present study in all the sampling stations were below the recommended level of 0.1 to 1.0 mg/L prescribed by Boyd (1990). However‚ when the level recommended (< 0.2 mg/L) by Chavez (2009) is taken as a standard‚ it was found to that 35% of the study period‚ TAN levels were above the acceptable limit in the feeder canal and the pond 3. Ferreira et al. (2011) has recommended 0
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Lab report NF-κB 1. Aim The aim with this lab was through using ELISA-based technique learn how IL-1 and LPS activate the NF-κB signaling pathway in insulin-producing cells and see if the activation can be prevented through inhibition of proteasomal activity. In addition the purpose of this lab was to detect whether NF-κB activation leads to induction of the iNOS enzyme or not. 2. Background NF-κB is a transcription factor that in its inactive form is bound to IκB‚ which is a cytoplasmic inhibitory
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To prepare sodium hexanitrocobaltate (III) from pure potassium-free sodium nitrite‚ cobalt nitrate hexahydrate‚ 50% acetic acid and 95% ethanol. THEORY In this practical‚ the nitrite ions acts as an oxidant and a ligand [2]. Co2+ (aq) is more stable than Co3+ (aq)‚ however when cobalt attaches to nitrogen containing ligands‚ Co3+ becomes the more stable ion [2]. Initially‚ the hexanitrocbaltate reduces the excess nitrite. The reaction produces nitrogen oxide gas‚ which reacts with air to form nitrogen
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How is Vitamin C manufactured? Ascorbic Acid Also known as: l-ascorbic acid‚ vitamin C‚ ascorbate A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets‚ and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form‚ vitamin C‚ functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant. http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary
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qualitative data recorded entailed: Water color and smell as well as suspended solids ranging from clear‚ opaque‚ and turbid. The quantitative data that was recorded regarded: Temperature‚ pH‚ Alkalinity‚ Hardness‚ Chlorine‚ as well as‚ Nitrate‚ and Nitrite. There was also two views of microscope observations. This report will explain and go into detail regarding the results of the observation of the pond water. INTRODUCTION: MATERIALS: Water 9. Slide covers
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Experiment #10 & #11 The Synthesis of Cobalt Oxalate Hydrate The Synthesis of a Nitrite Complex February 5‚ 2012 Chemistry 1211L - 146 - Spring 2012 Procedure The Synthesis of Cobalt Oxalate Hydrate Place 100 ml of distilled water in a 250-ml (or 400-ml) beaker. Add 1.26g of oxalic acid dihydrate (H2C2O4.2H2O) and 1 ml of concentrated ammonia. Stir the mixture until the solid has dissolved completely. Dissolve 2.34 g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2.6H2O) in 100 ml of water
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------------------------------------------------- The Processes of the nitrogen cycle Nitrogen fixation Atmospheric nitrogen must be processed‚ or "fixed" (see page on nitrogen fixation)‚ in order to be used by plants. Some fixation occurs in lightning strikes‚ but most fixation is done by free-living or symbiotic bacteria. These bacteria have the nitrogenase enzyme that combines gaseous nitrogen with hydrogen to produce ammonia‚ which is then further converted by the bacteria to make their own organic
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The role of bacteria in the soil Bacteria in the soil play key role in recycling matter in to useful nutrients which can be used by growing plants. This process of recycling matter in the soil by living organisms is called biogeochemical cycle. Bacteria are improving plants growth in other ways too‚ for example bacteria‚ such as Rhizobium‚ are in symbiotic relationship with the root system of some terrestrial plants. The most important elements‚ which allow terrestrial plants grow well‚ are
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Specific gravity 1.025 Glucose Negative Bilirubin Negative Ketones Moderate Leukocyte Esterase +++ Nitrites +++ WBCs/HPF 30 RBCs 10–12 1. How did the bacteria gain entry into the body? In this case‚ there are several factors you should consider. One is that
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Shaari Table of Content 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Literature Review 2.1 Nitrite-Nitrogen (NO2—N) 2.2 Chlorophyll-a 2.3 pH 2.4 Salinity 2.5 Dissolved oxygen 2.6 Total Dissolve Phosphorous 2.7 Temperature 3.0 Methodology 3.1 Sampling Area 3.2 Sampling Method 3.3 Hydrolab Data 3.4 Laboratory Analysis 3.4.1 Cholorphyll a 3.4.2 Phosphorous 3.4.3 Nitrite-Nitrogen (NO2) 4.0 Work Schedule 5.0 References 1.0 Introduction Water
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