TURKISH EDUCATION SYSTEM A BRIEF HISTORY BY BOZKURT GÜVENÇ Contents A Note on Turkish Historiography Part I. From Beginnings to Tanzimat (ca 1850) I.1. Education of Ancient Turks before the Ottomans I.2. Schools and Scholars molding the Ottoman Empire I.3: The Enderun and Upbringing of Janisseries Part II. From Tanzimat to Democracy: Hunderd Years II.1. Military Schools Paving the Way (1773-1839) II.2. The Tanzimat Reforms (1839-1876) II.3. From Monarchy to Republic (1878-1923) II.4. Quest for
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America / 15th century AD = contact with Europeans -> brought with them diseases (smallpox) ended in: demographic catastrophe‚ weakened societies‚ aided Spanish/ Portuguese exploration America before Columbus: • Adaptation to surroundings = nomadic bands‚ hunting‚ fishing‚ agriculture -> created civilizations • Population: a lot more people (Indians) • Civilizations in the South -> Peru = Incas with a powerful empire‚ political system‚ large paved roads / Central America & Mexico = Mayas
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Desiring Transportation 1NC A. Transportation infrastructure striates space by channeling mobility through government-approved conduits of desire. This excludes minorities from the planning process and allows for the segregation of entire communities in the name of efficiency. Cresswell 2012 (Tim‚ Department of Geography Royal Holloway‚ University of London‚ “Constellations of Mobility‚” www.dtesis.univr.it/documenti/Avviso/all/all181066.pdf.) Mobility is channelled. It moves along routes
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The Impact of Ecology on History In the study of human history there are many details required to obtain a complete picture of how a group of people lived and why they lived that way. One of the lesser known yet essential aspects of life is the environment in which the people lived and how they interacted with said environment. In William Cronon’s Changes in the Land‚ Cronon highlights how the study of ecology is vital to understanding human history and demonstrates that by showing a clear picture
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Kaamulan Festival is an ethnic cultural festival held annually in Malaybalay City‚ Bukidnon from the second half of February to March 10‚ the anniversary date of the foundation of Bukidnon as a province in 1917. It is held to celebrate the culture and tradition of the seven ethnic tribal groups—Bukidnon‚ Higaonon‚ Talaandig‚ Manobo‚ Matigsalug‚ Tigwahanon and Umayamnon—that originally inhabit the province.[1][2] It is the only ethnic festival in thePhilippines.[3] Kaamulan comes from the Binukid word “amul” meaning
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PART I From Hunting and Gathering to Civilizations‚ 2.5 million–1000 B.C.E.: Origins Overview. The first human beings appeared in east Africa over two million years ago. Gradually humans developed a more erect stance and greater brain capacity. Early humans lived by hunting and gathering. The most advanced human species‚ Homo sapiens sapiens‚ migrated from Africa into the Middle East‚ then into Europe‚ Asia‚ Australia‚ and the Americas. Over time‚ they learned to fashion tools and weapons from
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AN INTRODUCTION TO NATIVE AMERICAN LITERATURE Native American literatures embrace the memories of creation stories‚ the tragic wisdom of native ceremonies‚ trickster narratives‚ and the outcome of chance and other occurrences in the most diverse cultures in the world. These distinctive literatures‚ eminent in both oral performances and in the imagination of written narratives‚ cannot be discovered in reductive social science translations or altogether understood in the historical constructions of
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WHAP: Midterm REVIEW: Complete and study the review sheet and you will do very well on the exam! 1. The political organization of the Tigris Euphrates civilization. a. Tightly organized city-states b. King with divine authority c. Carefully defined boundaries and territory d. Regulates religions and enforces religious duty e. Court system for Justice f. Organized defense and army g. Early code of law (Hammurabi) 2. The river valley civilization which was most completely destroyed by
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Importance of Space Beginning of human civilization The emergence of civilization is generally associated with the final stages of the Neolithic Revolution‚ a slow cumulative process occurring independently over many locations between 10‚000 and 3‚000 BCE‚ reaching in the relatively rapid process of state formation‚ a political development associated with the appearance of a governing elite. Neolithic Revolution‚ sometimes called the Agricultural Revolution‚ was the world’s first historically verifiable
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unit of subsistence for the Bedouin of the Middle East is best described as nomads. Pastoral nomads raise herds and depend on livestock. They also migrate from place to place hunting and gather food. (Emanuel Marx‚ June.‚ 1977). Bedouins are nomadic Arabs which inhabit deserts located in the Middle East and the northern parts of Africa. In the past‚ however‚ Bedouins only inhabited the deserts of the Middle East. After Muslims took over northern Africa in the 7th century‚ Bedouin territories
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