G. Patil HAZOP (HAZARD AND OPERABILITY) STUDIES FOR DESIGN OF ENGINEERING SYSTEMS Authors Satish H. Kashid Jayant G. Patil ABSTRACT The design of engineering piping systems onboard war ships is an extremely complex activity with pipes of various systems running neck to neck through machinery spaces‚ compartments and decks etc. For validating the design‚ usually a careful thought process and intuitive imagination is needed to predict the abnormal causes and adverse consequences of
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For smaller size pipes upto diameter 200 mm‚ HDPE pipes are recommended. HDPE pipes are flexible and can bend to some extent‚ thus reduces use of specials like bends‚ elbows etc. This speeds up the construction activity. In addition‚ it also minimizes leakages as there are less no of joints.which are welded and are least prone to leakages. HDPE pipes have excellent track record of making good house service connections. Hence can
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ANSI Standard Pipe Chart “ The Everbright（China）Stainless steel pipe co.‚ ltd. (EBSS) and it represents have made every effort to ensure that the information presented in this paper is technically correct. However‚ neither the EBSS nor its member companies warrants the accuracy of the information contained in this paper or its suitability for any general and specific use. The EBSS assumes no liability or responsibility of any kind in connection with the use of this information. The reader is advised
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How are nominal dispositions distinguished from conditional and custodial dispositions? What are some variations of nominal dispositions? How effective are they at reducing recidivism of disposed juveniles? Nominal dispositions- are verbal and or written warnings that are issued to low risk juvenile offenders. They are considered to be the least punitive alternatives Juvenile courts are encourage to use nominal dispositions for the purpose of alerting the juvenile of the seriousness of
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Nominal Group Technique In 1968 André Delbecq co-developed with Andrew H.Van de Ven the Nominal Group Technique‚ which has diffused worldwide to become the most widely used method of group brainstorming. and has been applied to adult education program planning by Vedros. What is the NGT? The Nominal Group Technique (NGT)‚ is a decision making method for use among groups of many sizes‚ who want to make their decision quickly‚ as by a vote‚ but want everyone’s opinions taken into account
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THE EARLY HISTORY OF PVC PIPE By Robert Walker‚ P.E. Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association (Published in Summer 1990 Edition of the Uni-Bell PVC Pipe News) “Many of you have expressed a curiosity about the historical development of PVC pipe. In response to your requests‚ we provide you with this brief early history of PVC pipe and fittings. PVC was discovered as early as 1835‚ but the first definite report of the polymerization of vinyl chloride did not come until about 35 years later. At that
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ME313L Fluid Mechanic Lab Manual (DRAFT) Pipe Friction Experiment Object: The friction loss in a small-bore horizontal pipe is to be determined over a wide range of Reynolds number. Both laminar and turbulent flow regimes are to be studied. Equipment: Air valve Water manometer Mercury U-tube Isolating tap meter From water supply Needle valve Test tube Figure 1 Pipe friction apparatus A. Laminar Flow The laminar pipe friction apparatus is shown above. It consists of a water loop. The
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Introduction: In any pipe system there is going to be a loss of energy due to the effect of viscosity from a fluid acting upon the surface of the pipe‚ this is called Friction Loss. This type of lost depends on the shear stress due to the walls of the pipe and the fluid. It also depends in weather the fluid is laminar or turbulent. A major difference between these two flows is that due to a viscous layer created in turbulent flow the roughness of the pipe can be taken in account while in laminar
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horizontal deflection of the pipe‚ the designer must evaluate and determine the component parts to be used in the modified Iowa formula. 1. DEAD LOAD‚ We (Check for the maximum fill height.) Fill Height: H = 10 ft Soil Unit Weight: w = 120 pcf Pipe O.D.: BC = 49.5 in. Earth Load We = 10 (120) 49.5/12 = 4950 lb/ft of pipe = 413 lb/in. of pipe For fill heights greater than 8 feet‚ the HS-20 live load may be neglected; therefore‚ Wl = 0‚ meaning W = We 2. PIPE STIFFNESS Modulus of Elasticity
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Pipe Friction Summary The purpose of this lab is to find the friction factor and Reynolds number for laminar and turbulent flow and also for values in the critical zone. Results were taken recorded and used to calculate the friction factor and Reynolds number. They were then compared with the Moody diagram. Aim This lab could be used in industry when dealing with a pipe line containing any type of liquid to calculate the Reynolds number and friction factor. It would also help in pipe
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