Monetary Police Monetary policy is the term used by economists to describe ways of managing the supply of money in an economy. Monetary Policy is the management of money supply and interest rates by central bank to influence prices and employment for achieving the objectives of general economic policy. Monetary policy works through expansion or contraction of investment and consumption expenditure. According to Paul Einzig “Monetary policy includes all monetary decisions and measures irrespective
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THE IMPACT OF REWARDS ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR OF PAKISTAN Farheen B. Zaidi 1‚ Zahra Abbas 2 JULY 2011 VOL 3‚ NO 3 Abstract A good reward system is necessary to motivate the employees of an organization. This study was conducted in order to investigate the impact of rewards on the motivational level of employees of telecommunication sector of Pakistan. The impact of three independent variables rewards‚ monetary rewards and non-monetary rewards on the dependent
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INTRODUCTION Nigeria monetary policy has been conducted under wide ranging economic environment since its establishment in 1959‚ the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has continued to play the traditional role expected of the central bank‚ which is the regulation of stock of money such a way as to promote the social welfare (Ajayi‚ 1999). This role is anchored on the use of monetary policy that is usually targeted towards the achievement of full-employment equilibrium‚ rapid economic growth‚ price
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Feedback and Rewards Objectives: To develop an understanding of: • Evaluation of Performance • Performance Evaluation feedback • Reinforcement theory • A model of Individual rewards • Rewards Affect Organizational concerns • Innovative reward system Organizations use rewards to attract‚ retain‚ and motivate people. But methods for distributing rewards vary from organization to organization‚ within the same organization across different levels and according to the nature of rewards. Some rewards
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Monetary policy in Pakistan | By Dr. M. Hanif Akhtar‚ Department of Commerce‚ B. Z. University‚ Multan Aug 28 - Sep 03‚ 2000Monetary policy in Pakistan has been used in co-ordination with the fiscal policy to achieve both the objectives of macro-economic stability and higher economic growth. The government supervises monetary situation of economy through the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). This article attempts to present an overview
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ECON 846 International Monetary Policy Semester 1 2013 • • • • • • Definition‚ subject & text Lecturers Assessment Lecture program 4 instant classics on international monetary policy National income accounting & the balance of payments Footer to be inserted here 1 Definition‚ subject & text •International monetary policy is about public-sector decisions concerning inflation‚ interest and exchange rates‚ where such decisions involve more than one country or currency. •ECON846 enables you
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Motivation and Rewards System GROUP III Motivation through Equity‚ Expectancy and Goal Setting Three Cognitive Theories of Work Motivation 1. Adams’s Equity Theory is a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationship and based on Cognitive Dissonance Theory. 2. Expectancy Theory Holds that people are motivated to behave in ways that produce desired combinations of expected outcomes What an individual is
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2. Some economists suspect that one of the reasons that economies in developing countries grow so slowly is that they do not have well-developed financial markets. Does this argument make sense? Yes it does make sense since the financial markets have a big role in a country’s economy and has a greater affect on it if it’s working well or not (channeling the funds to people who will use them efficiently and productively). When a country works its financial markets in an efficient way (having the
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3.3 Reward systems Reward works as the important element in an organization because it is helping the organization to increase the working performance of the employees by motivating the employees to contribute and giving full commitment to their jobs. There are eight features in a reward system design‚ which are the relationship between job based and performance based‚ market position‚ internal equity‚ hierarch‚ centralization‚ rewards mix‚ security‚ and seniority (Cummings & Worley‚ 2009). The
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MONETARY POLICY Monetary policy is the process by which the monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money‚ often targeting a rate of interest for the purpose of promoting economic growth and stability The official goals usually include relatively stable prices and low unemployment. Monetary theory provides insight into how to craft optimal monetary policy. Monetary policy is referred to as either being expansionary‚ or a contractionary‚ where an expansionary policy increases the total
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