CHAPTER 7—SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. From a group of 12 students‚ we want to select a random sample of 4 students to serve on a university committee. How many different random samples of 4 students can be selected? a.|48| b.|20‚736| c.|16| d.|495| ANS: D 2. Parameters are a.|numerical characteristics of a sample| b.|numerical characteristics of a population| c.|the averages taken from a sample| d.|numerical characteristics of either a sample or a population| ANS:
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Introduction Objectives PROBABILITY 2.2 Some Elementary Theorems 2.3 General Addition Rule 2.4 Conditional Probability and Independence 2.4.1 Conditional Probability 2.4.2 Independent Events and MultiplicationRule 2.4.3 Theorem of Total Probability and Bayes Theorem 2.5 Summary 2.1 INTRODUCTION You have already learnt about probability axioms and ways to evaluate probability of events in some simple cases. In this unit‚ we discuss ways to evaluate the probability of combination of events
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Title : Ecological Sampling Objectives : 1. To learn the method of constructing a quadrate on an area of grassland in Biodiversity Park. 2. To estimate the population sizes of Species A using the quadrate sampling method. 3. To observe how abiotic factors affect the population of Species A. Introduction : Since there is an abundance of populations in a forest‚ it is impossible for us to study all of the populations due to financial constraints‚ time consuming and
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the Accounts Receivable balances for Key West Company as of 20X1. Our team has already completed a thorough evaluation of the company’s internal control and we believe they are excellent. Therefore‚ the team has decided to use the Probability-proportionate-to-size sampling theory‚ (PPS). We have used PPS to find the evidence required to prove there has been no materially misstatement in Key West Company’s accounts receivable accounts. The financial cycle is the cycles of business transactions‚ which
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MAUREEN L. M. INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMICS SAMPLING TECHNIQUES INTRODUCTION A sample is a unit or subset of selection from a larger population that is used in studying to draw conclusions regarding the whole population. A sample is usually selected from the population because it is not easy to study the entire population at once and the cost of doing so may be very high. The sample should be the best representation of the whole population to enable accurate outcomes and accurate
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CHAPTER 12 SAMPLING MECHANICS Sampling is an activity that involves the selection of individual people‚ data or things‚ from a target population/universe. A population‚ or universe‚ is the entire set people data or things that is the subject of exploration. A census involves obtaining information‚ not from a sample‚ but rather from the entire population or universe. A sample (as opposed sampling) is a subset of the population/universe. For Marketing Research purposes‚ sampling usually
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1/08/13 Probability Primer Principles of Econometrics‚ 4th Edition Probability Primer Page 1 ! Announcement: ! Please make sure you know who your tutor is and remember their names. This will save confusion and embarrassment later. ! Kai Du (David) ! Ngoc Thien Anh Pham (Anh) ! Zara Bomi Shroff Principles of Econometrics‚ 4th Edition Probability Primer Page 2 Chapter Contents ¡ P.1 Random Variables ¡ P.2 Probability Distributions ¡ P.3 Joint
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Sampling distribution The sampling distribution is the distribution of the values of a sample statistic computed for each possible sample that could be drawn from the target population under a specified sampling plan. Because many different samples could be drawn from a population of elements‚ the sample statistics derived from any one sample will likely not equal the population parameters. As a result‚ the sampling distribution supplies an approximation of the true value’s population parameters
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Session 5 Topic: Sampling Theory/ Techniques and Discussions Project Brief ◦ Expectations and deliverables (Deadline October 1‚ 2010- EOD) Sampling basics ◦ Fundamental Issues ◦ Errors Sampling techniques ◦ Probabilistic ◦ Non-probabilistic Discussions © Krishanu Rakshit‚ IIM Calcutta 28 September‚ 2010 2 When do we use a ‘sample’ When do we use a census (population) Sampling errors ◦ Difference between a measure from sample and the measure
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variable X is a weighted average of the possible values that the random variable can take. Unlike the sample mean of a group of observations‚ which gives each observation equal weight‚ the mean of a random variable weights each outcome xi according to its probability‚ pi. The mean also of a random variable provides the long-run average of the variable‚ or the expected average outcome over many observations.The common symbol for the mean (also known as the expected value of X) is ‚ formally defined by Variance
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