Profit and loss accounts‚ balance sheets Profit and loss accounts‚ balance sheets Two of the most important financial statements for a business are the Profit and Loss Account‚ and the Balance Sheet. The Profit and Loss Account shows the profit or loss of a business over a given period of time e.g. 3 months‚ 1 year‚ etc. In contrast‚ the Balance Sheet is like a photograph taken at an instant in time giving a picture of what the business owns and what the business owes at that moment in time
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ECON 600 Lecture 3: Profit Maximization I. The Concept of Profit Maximization Profit is defined as total revenue minus total cost. Π = TR – TC (We use Π to stand for profit because we use P for something else: price.) Total revenue simply means the total amount of money that the firm receives from sales of its product or other sources. Total cost means the cost of all factors of production. But – and this is crucial – we have to think in terms of opportunity cost‚ not just explicit
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Altamirano 1 Victor J. Altamirano Professor Powers Business and its Publics 25 February 2012 Subsidizing Profits In contemporary United States policy‚ the conception of free market principles result in negative externalities for the public as well as market inefficiencies. To address these issues‚ the government has developed methods to sway commercial enterprise and its services through taxes and subsidies. Taxes are used to discourage certain transactions and production operations
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Profit Determination Prepared by John Hoggett and Clare Innes Measurement of Profit • Cash basis • Cash income received - Cash expenses paid – Revenues recorded when received – Expenses recorded when paid • Accrual basis • Profit = Income (incl. Revenues) - Expenses – Revenue is recognised when the anticipated inflow of economic benefit can be reliably measured – Expenses when the consumption of benefits can be reliably measured 2 Adjusting Entries • The need for adjusting entries-
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than the cost to produce it. To maximize the profits is when the price is equal to the marginal cost of production. The competitive firm must be producing at the point where price equals marginal cost. In monopoly firms they cannot just set a high price for their good because the customers will completely avoid the firms good. If
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Assignment: Maximizing Profits in Market Structures Paper XECO/212 University of Phoenix The structure of a market is defined by the number of firms in the market‚ the existence or otherwise of barriers to entry of new firms‚ and the interdependence among firms in determining pricing and output to maximize profits. This paper covers the following: the advantages and limitation of supply and demand‚ the characteristics of each market structure‚ the barriers to entry and how
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For Profit Vs. Not For Profit organizations: I would like to start with the more interesting type of organizations to discuss and that is not for profit organization (NPO). The first advantage to NPO is simply tax exemption (IRS‚ 2012)‚ once an organization meets certain criteria and is approved as a NPO‚ it doesn’t pay tax on its income. It is very important to understand here that the money saved from not paying tax is reinvested in such organization to either continue providing the type of services
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Abstract Have you ever wondered how not-for-profit organizations are not-for-profit? Or how not-for-profit organizations can operate at an accounting profit but still be considered a not-for-profit organization? Over the year’‚ not-for-profit organizations have had many changes in rules and regulations set forth for not-for-profit organizations to abide by. There are three major financial statements involved with not-for-profit organizations and one voluntary financial statement‚ plus four key governmental
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amounts which are set aside out of the profits for a specific purpose e.g. provisions for bad debts‚ doubtful debts or depreciation‚ etc. These provisions are made in view of some expected events. Any expected loss in the future relating to the current accounting period must be charged (i.e. debited) to the profit and loss account of the current period. Similarly‚ any expected gain in the future relating to the current year must be credited to the profit and loss account of the current year. N
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“Father of Profitability.” He was the first to describe in detail the double-entry bookkeeping‚ a process that plays an integral role in the development of capitalism as it allows us to calculate profits (Fischer‚ 2000). According to Pacioli‚ the hallmark of a successful business is what he calls the profit motive. This is the notion that successful business men and women must acknowledge and be influenced by the spiritual aspects of their lives. Or more specifically‚ Pacioli maintained that business
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