Tax base > income‚ sales‚ property‚ capital gains/loses What is a good tax system? 1 – distribution of tax burden should be fair > tax equity 2 – tax system should improve the smallest excess burden and should minimize distortions to economic behavior > tax efficiency 3 – administration should be easy and administrative costs should be as low as possible 4 – tax system should be easy to understand and relatively easy to comply with and it should be applied in a non-arbitrary way
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Lesson 1 FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMICS Lesson 1- Economic System & Opportunity Cost 1 Learning Objectives By the end of this unit‚ you should be able to: give an overview of Economics deal with the Economic Problem discuss the Methodology in Economics differentiate between Microeconomic Issues and Macroeconomic Issues Lesson 1- Economic System & Opportunity Cost 2 Lesson 1- Foundations of Economics Lesson 1-pg1 What is Economics? Economics is the study of how people and society
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05 MBA 12 Managerial economics No. of Lecture Hrs / Week : 04 Total No. of Lecture Hrs : 56 MODULE 1 IA Marks : 50 Exam Hours : 3 Hours Exam Marks : 100 7 HOURS Introduction of Economics: Managerial Economics – Nature‚ Scope & Significance‚ Role of Managerial Economist in decision-making – Relationship of Managerial Economics with functional areas of business MODULE 2 7 HOURS Fundamental Principles/Concepts of Managerial Economics: Opportunity Costs‚ Incremental‚ Time perspective
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Economic Development vs Economic Growth Economic Growth is a narrower concept than economic development.It is an increase in a country’s real level of national output which can be caused by an increase in the quality of resources (by education etc.)‚ increase in the quantity of resources & improvements in technology or in another way an increase in the value of goods and services produced by every sector of the economy. Economic Growth can be measured by an increase in a country’s GDP (gross
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. THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS The economic activity of a society consists of activities related to the production and consumption of goods and services. Since earliest times‚ the primary function of organized society has been economic in nature. The other elements of civilized society -- architecture‚ literature‚ music‚ etc. -- emerge only after the material needs of the society have been amply provided for. Poor societies do not build great pyramids‚ erect magnificent cathedrals‚ or
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Question1 A fast food restaurant currently pays $5 per hour for servers and $50 per hour to rent ovens and other kitchen machinery. The restaurant uses seven hours of server time per unit of machinery time. Determine whether the restaurant is minimizing its cost of production when the ratio of marginal products (capital to labor) is 12. If not‚ what adjustments are called for to improve the efficiency in resource use? The ratio of prices PK/PL= r/w= 50/5=10 and The capital
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Assignment #4: CHAPTER 3 - Why Do Firms Cluster? 2. Labor Pooling: What’s Fixed and Variable? Consider the model of labor pooling‚ with each firm locating either in an isolated site or in a cluster with other firms. Fill the blanks with "fixed" or "variable". A. In an isolated site‚ the wage is variable and the firm’s workforce is fixed because the supply of labor is perfectly inelastic. B. In a cluster‚ the wage is fixed and the firm’s workforce is variable because the supply of labor is
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MBA 515 Practice Multiple Choice Questions 1. If the price of automobiles were to increase substantially‚ the demand curve for gasoline would most likely A) shift leftward. B) shift rightward. C) remain unchanged. D) become steeper. 2. Recently‚ many cities have attempted to pass laws taxing the sale of sugary drinks such as soda pop. If one of these laws passes‚ we would expect A) the supply curve for soda pop to shift to the right. B) the supply curve for soda pop to become more vertical
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1：Mercantilists believed that a nation would benefit from achieving: an even trade balance (exports equal to imports). a positive or favorable trade balance (exports larger than imports). as much self-sufficiency as possible (minimal exports and imports). a trade deficit‚ funded by loans from other nations. [我的答案] a positive or favorable trade balance (exports larger than imports). 2：Adam Smith’s theory was based on the labor theory of value‚ assuming that: the value of labor depended
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1. Labor Demand curve for Perfect Competition and Labor Demand for Labor for Imperfect Competition * Table 1.1 Demand for Labor: Firm selling in a Perfectly Competitive Product Market Units of Labor | TP | MP | Product Price‚ P | Total Revenue‚ TR | MRP (TR/L) | VMP (MP*P) | 4 | 16 | | $2 | $32 | | | 5 | 28 | 12 | 2 | 56 | $24 | $24 | 6 | 37 | 9 | 2 | 74 | 18 | 18 | 7 | 43 | 6 | 2 | 86 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 46 | 3 | 2 | 92 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 48 | 2 | 2 | 96 | 4 | 4 | * X- Axis
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