Ethical Theories Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is most often associated with Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). According to utilitarianism principle‚ a decision is ethical if it provides the greater utility than any other alternative decision. Thus the decision maker must evaluate each decision alternative‚ and then select the one that yields the greatest net utility (Fritzsche‚ 1997). There two types of utilitarianism‚ act and rule. Individual decisions are evaluated
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Other types of conformity include normative conformity‚ this is being influenced by peer pressure‚ the individual knows others are wrong‚ but they go along with the group because they want to be liked and not an outsider or made fun of. Another type is informational conformity‚ this is when an individual believes a group know something they do not and think they are right so they go along with this. This can happen for example with someone with authority‚ such as a teacher or doctor an individual
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knowledge of normative ethical theories. The first step to make an ethical decision is recognizing the moral issue. (Jones and Ryan‚ 1998) The knowledge of normative theories would aid decision maker in recognizing the moral issue. I will begin with the virtue ethics of the normative ethical theories that tell us in order of making an ethical decision‚ the integrity or character of the decision-maker is more important than the morality of the decision. (Trevino and Nelson‚ 2006). Next‚ Utilitarianism believes
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I think Utilitarianism is the most morally right thing to do in situations where human lives are involved. I believe this because in a situation where you can either save nine humans lives but you have to kill one or you just don’t do anything and let the nine people die and one survive I think it is only logical to pick the option where you save the most lives. However some people will say that using utilitarianism shouldn’t be used because you would be regarded as a murder which is a sin and is
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Reading: pages 3-21 Key Terms (definitions on page 7): ethics morality descriptive ethics normative ethics metaethics applied ethics instrumentality intrinsically valuable Key ideas: principle of universalizabitlity principle of impartiality Be familiar with The Euthyphro by Plato (pages 16-19) - know Euthyphro’s definition of piety - understand that this is a debate regarding whether or not ethics is an objective or subjective discipline Be familiar with Common-Sense Religion
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Thucydides Versus Plato: Differing Views of the Good Life What is the true nature of the Good Life? Is it living life with concern for only oneself despite the possible consequences of one’s action on others? Or might it involve self-sacrifice in effort to do what one feels is right or just? Is it descriptive‚ or perhaps prescriptive? Two prominent Greeks‚ Thucydides and Plato‚ began providing answers to these questions over 25 centuries ago as they analyzed and wrote critically about life’s
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SKEPTICISM PHILOSOPHY Skepticism: • It comes from the Greek word skeptikoi which means “seekers” or “inquirers.” • It refers to the critical attitude wherein a man questions different things including the well-known absolute truth or knowledge. • Note that skepticism (philosophical that is) should be contrasted with philosophical dogmatism wherein the latter is the direct opposite of the former. Philosophical dogmatism refers to an attitude wherein a man believes to have absolute
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Utilitarianism 1. Moral theories can be divided into two major types‚ teleological and deontological. In teleological theories‚ (moral) right is derived from a theory of the (non-moral) good‚ or what is good or desirable as an end to be achieved. In Greek‚ telos means ‘goal’ or ‘aim.’ In deontological theories‚ (moral) right is derived without a theory of (non-moral) good‚ or what choice is (morally) right regardless of the end consequences. In Greek‚ deon means ‘duty.’ Utilitarian theories are
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Normative Dimensions of Leadership University of Phoenix LDR/736 Architecture of Leadership Normative Dimensions of Leadership Normative dimensions of leadership theory looks at the big picture of the organization to work out challenges and find solutions to problems. According to Harvey (2001) The normative leadership model approach is a caring type of leadership where the leader has vision and implements ideas‚ arguing that a caring type of leadership is actually good for profits in
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independence and self-reliance and advocate that interests of the individual should achieve precedence over the state or a social group. The Second profile is Jeremy Bentham. He would have thrown the switch based of a principle of Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is a theory in normative ethics holding that the proper course of action is the one that maximizes utility‚ usually defined as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering. In this case the trolley would have killed the one person instead of the group
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