from http://www.bos.frb.org/economic/nerr/rr2003/q1/taxhabits.htm Black‚ P. A.‚ & Mohamed‚ A. I. (2006). ’Sin ’ Taxes and Poor Households: Unanticipated Effects. South African Journal Of Economics‚ 74(1)‚ 131-136 Risks of smoker surcharge. (2006‚ Feb 26). Los Angeles Times‚ pp. 0-C.2. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/422039766?accountid=32521 Tiihonen‚ J.‚ Ronkainen‚ K.‚ Kangasharju‚ A.‚ & Kauhanen‚ J
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Topic: Teenage Smoking Title: There are many teenage smokers in the Philippines and there are several causes and effects to this issue. Introduction I. Peer Pressure‚ Curiosity‚ Habit and Depression are the causes of teenagers that has been smoking cigarette. Based on my experience‚ Peer Pressure is one of the influencial factors to teenage smokers. It occurs when a non-smoker joins a group of teenage smokers. When teenagers have been influenced most likely he or she will start smoking. The behavoir
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Clinical studies have demonstrated that smokers have more severe periodontal disease‚ with increased bone loss‚7 greater periodontal attachment loss‚ more gingival recession and periodontal pocket formation.8 A patient’s history of smoking has been associated with early attachment loss in adults David A. Albert‚ D.D.S.‚ M.P.H. Dr. Albert‚ an associate professor at the Columbia University College of Dental Medicine stated in his study that "Smokers have much less gum bleeding and redness than
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research that the purpose of the study is to be able to determine if passive and active smoking would affect the outcome of pregnancy using a cross-sectional study on pregnant women delivering a singleton live baby‚ categorize as active smoker‚ passive smoker or non-smoker. The researchers intend to provide health teachings on new and prospective parents about the risk and complications of active and passive smoking during pregnancy. They use a predesigned structured questionnaire to determine the details
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The rates of college students smoking in the United States have fluctuated for the past twenty years. Majority of lifelong smokers begin smoking habits before the age of 24‚ which makes the college years a crucial time in the study of cigarette consumption. Cigarette smoking on college campuses has become an important public health issue and there has been increase in campus wide smoking bans and other preventative programs to reduce the rates of students smoking. The percentage of college students
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The evaluation of smoking As of 2008‚ there were 46 million adult smokers in the United States‚ according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). That means 20.6 percent of people over 18 expose themselves to the disadvantages of smoking cigarettes (LiveStrong.com). Smoking usually begins at a young age and progresses through the years. Research says adolescents begin to smoke because it makes them look cool. Peer pressure is a major factor in the question‚ why do adolescents begin to smoke. Smoking
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The Negative Effects of Smoking Literature Review The intent of this review of literature is to show the needs of the further research in how smoking effects the health of the smokers and their families‚ their financial state‚ the environment‚ and people around them. In order to help smokers quit smoking by showing them the reasons of why they should quit smoking and how they can quit. The literature review has shown a gap in the literature and the needs for the further research “the negative
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the general public alike. Having heard the opinions of friends and family (who are mostly non-smokers) regarding this issue‚ the general consensus amongst them is that the law regarding smoking in not only in this country‚ but in many other places goes too far‚ impinging upon our (society’s) personal freedoms. I have been‚ at one stage or other in my lifetime a non-smoker‚ a smoker and an ex-smoker. In Scotland‚ the Smoking‚ Health and Social Care (Scotland) Act 2005 has‚ since its introduction
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March 2013 • • • • • • • Number of adult smokers Measuring smoking rates Cigarette smoking and age Number of secondary school children who smoke Cigarette smoking and socio-economic group Tobacco consumption Dependence on smoking who smokes and how much Smoking statistics: Number The highest recorded level of smoking among men in Great Britain was of adult 82% in 1948‚ of which 65% smoked manufactured cigarettes. At that time‚ smokers significant numbers of men smoked pipes or cigars as
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who smoke. Smoking kills more people than any other disease in the world‚ 5.4 million death in 2004 and more than 100 million over the twentieth century. However‚ smokers do not fully understand the risks they take by smoking. It affects a person physically and mentally‚ economically and socially. First of all‚ smoking affects a smoker physically and mentally. Nicotine in cigarettes or cigars is a highly addictive substance. The tar and carbon monoxide in cigarettes increase a smoker’s risk of heart
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