Fixed Income Zero coupon bonds Professor Anh Le 1 – Zero coupon bond and zero yields A zero coupon bond (or zero for short)‚ as its name suggests‚ is a bond that pays no coupons. It only pays the face value on the maturity date. Not surprisingly‚ sellers of zero coupon bonds have to offer them at a deep discount in order to sell them to the public. For example‚ a 30‐yr zero‚ face value $1‚000 could be selling for as little as $53.54. One question you may ask right now is: i
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Running head: A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV A Comparison of EVA and NPV (discuss the differences and similarity of EVA and NPV; why would companies choose to adopt EVA‚ implementation issues; chronicle the implementation experience of EVA on a real life company). 1 A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV 2 A Comparison of EVA and NPV (discuss the differences and similarity of EVA and NPV; why would companies choose to adopt EVA‚ implementation issues; chronicle the implementation
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present value the net present value (NPV) or net present worth (NPW)[of a time series of cash flows‚ both incoming and outgoing‚ is defined as the sum of the present values (PVs) of the individual cash flows of the same entity. In the case when all future cash flows are incoming (such as coupons and principal of a bond) and the only outflow of cash is the purchase price‚ the NPV is simply the PV of future cash flows minus the purchase price (which is its own PV). NPV is a central tool in discounted cash
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Coke often rejected it anyway because of its aspartame-sweetened aftertaste. “What we were seeing before Zero launched was that more and more younger people were interested in no-calorie beverages but weren’t going to sacrifice taste‚” Bayne said. “So when they got interested in no-calorie‚ they were like‚ ‘Forget it‚ I’m not going to Diet Coke.’” Testing showed that the name “Coke Zero” would be an effective way to sell a low-calorie cola to men without using the word “diet.” And advances
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upon a time there was no zero. Of course people knew if they had nothing‚ but there was no mathematical notation for it. Zero was independently invented only three times. The first recorded zero is attributed to the Babylonians in the 3rd century BC. A long period followed when no one else used a zero place holder. But then the Mayans‚ halfway around the world in Central America‚ independently invented zero in the fourth century CE. The final independent invention of zero in India was long debated
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Figure 1: Cash flow comparison for 15 and 25 year term (NY) 9 Figure 2: Cash flow comparison for 15 and 25 year term (HK) 9 Figure 3: Revenue and Operating Expenses (HK) 10 List of Tables Table 1: List of Assumptions made for NPV analysis 4 Table 2: List of Limitations on NPV Analysis. 4 Table 3: Estimation of Resale value of Carrier @15th year 7 1. Introduction 1.1 Executive Summary Ocean Carriers Inc. (OCI) is an International provider of Marine transportation services mainly focussing on
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N04 HL P1 Q5 Payback Calculation Year Machine A $ Machine B $ 1 45‚000 25‚000 Part of 2 20‚000 (0.57 of 35‚000) 35‚000 Part of 3 - 25‚000 (0.45 of 55‚000) Investment 65‚000 85‚000 1 + 0.57 = 1.57 (Machine A has payback period of 1.57 years) 2 + 0.45 = 2.45 (Machine B has payback period of 2.45 years) Accounting Rate of Return Calculation Machine A $ Machine B $ Net Return 155‚000 205‚000 Total Return-Investment 155‚000 – 65‚000 = 90‚000 205‚000 – 85‚000 = 120‚000
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**What is NPV?** a) If the value of NPV is greater than 0‚ then the project is a go! In other words‚ it’s profitable and worth the risk. b) If the value of NPV is less than 0‚ then the project isn’t worth the risk and is a no-go. So NPV takes risk and reward into consideration‚ which is why we use it in the world of corporate finance and capital budgeting. **Example** In order for us to calculate NPV‚ let’s use the following example. Suppose we’d like to make 10% profit on a 3
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before-tax required rate of return for Deer Valley is 14%. Compute the before-tax NPV of the new lift and advise the managers of Deer Valley about whether adding the lift will be a profitable investment. Show calculations to support your answer. 2. Assume that the after-tax required rate of return for Deer Valley is 8%‚ the income tax rate is 40%‚ and the MACRS recovery period is 10 years. Compute the after-tax NPV of the new lift and advise the managers of Deer Valley about whether adding the
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drive in two cars at the same time”. And so Merali has decided to give back to the community through charity and creating employment. Though he owns several banks‚ Merali says one may not believe that his personal bank account balance sometimes reads zero. He discloses: “I have made a decision to give 50% of my annual earnings to charity. However‚ sometimes I exceed the limit and find I have given 100 per cent”‚ he says with a shy smile. Creating employment is the next passion for the 62- year old
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