Exp 23 B Synthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride 11-8-12 Purpose: The sysnthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride from alcohol. Procedure: Preparation of t-Pentyl Chloride. In a 125-mL separatory funnel‚ place 10.0 mL of t-pentyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-butanol‚ MW _ 88.2‚ d _ 0.805 g/mL) and 25 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (d _ 1.18 g/mL). Do not stopper the funnel. Gently swirl the mixture in the separatory funnel for about 1 minute. After this period of swirling‚ stopper the separatory funnel and
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The purpose of this experiment was to perform a wittig reaction‚ the horner-emmons wittig specifically‚ reacting an aldehyde with an ylide to make an alkene. This particular variation of the wittig reaction has several advantages: It gives only the trans product; it uses a much milder base that is easier to handle; and it gives a water soluble byproduct which is easy to separate from the product. The reason that these advantages occur is a change in the structure of the ylide. Instead of a tripheylphosphine
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The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize triphenylmethanol from a Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction technique was used in this synthesis but due to the fact that it is such a strong nucleophile and base‚ it was important to prevent water from interfering with the Grignard reaction. Purity of the product was determined by measuring the melting point. Reagent Table: Structure Name Molecular formula Molar mass Density Melting point Boiling Point Diethyl ether C4H10O
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Discuss a range of analytical techniques used for the purification of proteins What are proteins? Proteins are the main building blocks of life. They are essential for the body and have many different roles . Proteins are made from sequence of amino acids. Protein structure is determined by their sequence of amino acids‚ which are linked by peptide link. Proteins are made from about 50 to 2000 amino acid residues. Figure 1 Why purify proteins? They are many reasons why a biochemist
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C H EM 301A - O rganic Chem istry L ecture N otes © Dr. Peter de Lijser‚ 2011 Introduction – Welcome to O-chem! “What is Organic Chemistry?” Organic chemistry is the chemistry of Carbon. “Why is Organic Chemistry Important for me?” Organic Chemistry is the central science for many other fields: • Medicine/Pharmacy: • Biochemistry: • Industrial Applications: • Reaction Mechanisms: What do "Organic Chemists" do? • Discover new reactions • Improve old reactions
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Vidallon‚ Mark Louis P. Date Performed: February 20‚ 2012 CHEM44.1 2L Date Submitted: March 12‚ 2012 MIXED-ALDOL CONDENSATION Synthesis of Cinnamaldehyde I. Introduction Cinnamaldehyde‚ cinnamic aldehyde or 3-phenyl-2-propenal is the major constituent of cinnamon oil‚ extracted from several species of Cinnamomum (C. verum‚ C. burmanii‚ C. cassia)‚ under the family Lauraceae‚ a group of evergreen trees. Cinnamon bark (particularly C. verum) yields 0.4-0.8% oil‚ which contains 60-80% cinnamaldehyde
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Chemistry 2283g Experiment 1 – Alkyl Halides EXPERIMENT 1: Preparation and Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Relevant Sections in the text (Wade‚ 7 ed.) • 6.7 (p. 228) Reactions of alkyl halides • 6.8 – 6.12 (p. 229 – 242) The SN2 reaction: generality‚ factors affecting SN2 reactions‚ substrate reactivity‚ mechanism • 6.13 – 6.14 (p. 243 – 249) The SN1 reaction: mechanism‚ stereochemistry General Concepts The most common of the variety of methods available for preparing alkyl halides is the replacement
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ammonium chloride Isolation of the product‚ identification Possible or actual sources of error Part one of our experiment consisted of the preparation of phenylmagnesium bromide from bromobenzene. PhMgBr is an organometallic reagent‚ a class of nucleophile known as a Grignard reagent. Gringard reagents are a class of extremely reactive chemical compounds used in the synthesis of hydrocarbons‚ alcohols‚ carboxylic acids‚ and other compounds. A gringard reagent is an organic magnesium halide dissolved
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RESULTS: Solution | pH Value | Aniline | 7 | Benzyl aniline | 12 | Diethylamine | 10 | Table 1: Basicity of Amines Solution | Odor of Solution | Aniline added with chloroform and alcoholic KOH | Unpleasant smell | Table 2: Carbylamine Test (odor of solution) Solution | Observations | Aniline added with concentrated H2SO4 | -Salt formation upon addition of sulfuric acid- Gelatinous‚ pale yellow solution | Table 3: Salt Formation Solution: | Residue Formation: | pH level:
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Prefix divide by Pico- Nano- milli- 0.000‚000‚000‚001 0.000‚000‚001 0.001 centi- 0.01 deci- 0.1 deka- 10 hecto- 100 Kilo- 1‚000 Mega 1 kcal = 1000 cal 1 Cal= 1 kcal 1 cal = 4.184 1‚000‚000 • Neutral atoms contain the same number of electrons and protons. • Components of a mixture can be separated (purified) by physical means. • Physical changes alter a substance without any changes to the chemical composition. • Chemical change involves breaking
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