Introduction The synthesis of acetaminophen involves the attraction of the electrophilic carbonyl group of acetic anhydride to the nucleophilic NH2 of the p-aminophenol. This occurs because the NH2 group is a better nucleophile than the OH group attached on the opposite side of the p-aminophenol. A new nitrogen-carbon bond is formed‚ producing acetaminophen with acetic acid as a byproduct. During the synthesis of acetaminophen‚ it is necessary to dissolve all solid material
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CH3COCH3 + 2[H] ( CH3CH(OH)CH3 Other points to note about this reaction are: • It is an addition reaction (there is only one product) • The mechanism is called nucleophilic addition • The nucleophile is H- which is provided by NaBH4 [pic] b) Comparison with hydrogen gas NaBH4 will reduce C=O double bonds but it will not reduce C=C double bonds e.g. CH2=CH-CHO + 2[H] ( CH2=CH-CH2OH To reduce both C=O
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conversion of 1-butanol to 1-bromobutane relies on sulfuric acid which plays two important roles. First‚ it protonates the alcohol of 1-butanol to form an oxonium ion which is a good leaving group. Secondly‚ it produces the hydrobromic acid‚ the nucleophile‚ which attacks 1-butanol causing the oxonium ion to leave and forming 1-bromobutane. However‚ using sulfuric acid in this experiment has several downsides. First‚ it poses a huge safety hazard as it can cause severe burns. Secondly‚ it reacts exothermically
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1 in vapour state sulphur partly exists as S2 molecule which has 2 unpaired electrons in the antibondind pi orbitals jus lyk oxygen and thus exhibits paramagnetism. 2 An interhalogen compound is a molecule whose atom contains two or more different halogen atoms (fluorine‚ chlorine‚ bromine‚ iodine or astatine). Most interhalogen compounds known are binary (composed of only two distinct elements). Their formulas are generally XYn‚ where n = 1‚ 3‚ 5 or 7‚ and X is the less electronegative
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Introduction The purpose of this lab is to synthesize Lidocaine from 2‚6-dimethylaniline‚ using diethyl amine‚ 2-chloroacetyl chloride‚ acetic acid‚ and toluene. The Lidocaine was made by adding 2‚6-dimethylaniline to 2-chloroacetyl chloride in acetic acid. Sodium acetate is added in order to make the compound soluble. The product is dried‚ then treated with diethyl amine and toluene. This is refluxed using a water-cooled reflux condenser. The vapor is condensed by the cold water as the compound
Free Solvent Acetic acid Ethanol
The Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Abstract: Grignard synthesis of triphenylmethanol was achieved by use of the Grignard reagent phenyl magesium brominde. The organometallic grignard reagent was synthesized by use of a reflux apparatus recrystallization techniques. Once synthesized it was used in a Grignard reaction that involved nucleophilic addition to a carbonyl in order to make triphenylmethanol. The final product was solidified and recrystallized and spectral data was
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UNIVERSITY OF THE GAMBIA LECTURE NOTES COURSE: PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) CODE: CHM 161 2ND SEMESTER SESSION: 2012/2013 LECTURER: ANTHONY F. ADJIVON UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION Organic chemistry started as the chemistry of life‚ when that was thought to be different from the chemistry in the laboratory. Then it became the chemistry of carbon compounds‚ especially those found in coal. Now it is both. It is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon along with other elements
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Quiz #1 Attempt 1 Written: Jul 7‚ 2012 9:48 AM - Jul 7‚ 2012 9:50 AM Submission View Your quiz has been submitted successfully. Question 1 1 / 1 point At what time do you have to complete your online prelab assignment to be allowed to participate in the lab? Question options: A week before the lab Day before the lab at 10 pm The morning of lab day at 8 am One hour before the lab Question 2 1 / 1 point Which materials/chemicals belong in the desiccator? Question options: Drying
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compound and the second one is the modification of the polymer backbone to activate the matrix (Figure 1). The activation step produces the electrophilic group on the support material‚ so that the support material couples /reacts with the strong nucleophiles on the proteins [2]. For example glutaraldehyde is the activation method‚ in this reaction the amine group reacts with the activated matrix [39]. The covalent binding is normally formed between the functional group in the support matrix and the
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Experiment 13: Synthesis of 1- Bromobutane An SN2 Reaction Theory: One of the methods of preparing alkyl halides is via the nucleophilic substitution reactions of alcohols. Alcohols are inexpensive materials and easy to maintain. However‚ they are a poor leaving group the OH group is a problem in nucleophilic substitution‚ this problem is fixed by converting the alcohol into H2O. Objective: The objective of this lab is to observe the synthesis of 1-bromobutane in an SN2 reaction‚ to see how
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