COST CONCEPTS AND COST ACCOUNTING By: Aman Jawahar Sarika Deepak Muneer CONTENTS Concept of Cost Cost Accounting Terms in Cost Accounting Elements of Cost Meaning of Overheads Classification of Costs Methods of Costing Types of Costing MEANING: Cost Concept: The term ‘cost’ means the amount of expenses [actual or notional] incurred on or attributable to specified thing or activity. Cost means ‘the price paid for something’. Cost Accounting: Cost Accounting is concerned with recording
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CHAPTER 6 PRODUCTION EXERCISES 4. A political campaign manager must decide whether to emphasize television advertisements or letters to potential voters in a reelection campaign. Describe the production function for campaign votes. How might information about this function (such as the shape of the isoquants) help the campaign manager to plan strategy? The output of concern to the campaign manager is the number of votes. The production function has two inputs‚ television advertising and
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6% 8.6% Std. Dev 0.1% 5.0% 3.9% 2.1% 4.9% Annual 0.4% 17.2% 13.4% 7.4% 17.1% Correlation Russell S&P 500 LT Bond EAFE Russell 1.000 S&P 500 0.780 1.000 LT Bond 0.191 0.413 1.000 EAFE 0.441 0.539 0.174 1.000 Q2. Optimal Asset Allocation a) For each portfolio return highlighted in yellow in the spreadsheet ‘Efficient Frontier’‚ calculate the minimum unconstrained portfolio standard deviation. Port Mean Sum of Weights Return Port wgts. Target Port Mean St. Dev
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THE THREE METHODS OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION Throughout history‚ there have been three primary mechanisms for allocating resources. • In a traditional economy‚ resources are allocated according to the long-lived practices of the past. Tradition was the dominant method of resource allocation for most of human history and remains strong in many tribal societies and small villages in parts of Africa‚ South America‚ Asia‚ and the Pacific. Typically‚ traditional methods of production are handed down
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following data have been recorded for recently completed Job 501 on its job cost sheet. Direct materials cost was $3‚067. A total of 30 direct labor-hours and 104 machine-hours were worked on the job. The direct labor wage rate is $12 per labor-hour. The company applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of machinehours. The predetermined overhead rate is $11 per machine-hour. The total cost for the job on its job cost sheet would be: A. $4‚571 B. $3‚757 C. $3‚090 D. $3‚427 Applied manufacturing
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Responsibility Ought to be Considered in Organ Allocation Organ allocation. A process in which someone‚ somewhere decides where to place people on the transplant list. Many factors must be considered as organs are a scarce resource. Such factors must include‚ life style‚ age‚ prognosis‚ other comorbidities and most importantly the cause for the transplant. To explore these ideas‚ I will focus on the Zambrano article introduced in class. In this article‚ the author explores the argument of responsibility
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Resource Allocation under Monopoly The existence of monopoly will lead to a misallocation of resources from the perspective of the economy as a whole. Assume a monopolist with a horizontal MC = AC curve. The monopolist’s P and Q would be at A‚ while the perfectly competitive P and Q would be at B. The monopoly restricts Q from QC back to Q* with a price of P*. Thus‚ this good is under-produced‚ compared to the perfectly competitive market‚ while other goods are over-produced due to resources (inputs)
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INTERNATIONAL B-SCHOOL SUBJECT: FINANCIAL & COST ACCOUNTING Total Marks: 80 N.B.: 1)Allquestionsarecompulsory 2) All questions carry equal marks. Q1) ABC Ltd. Produces room coolers. The company is considering whether it should continue to manufacture air circulating fans itself or purchase them from outside. Its annual requirement is 25000 units. An outsider vendor is prepared to supply fans for Rs 285 each. In addition‚ ABC Ltd will have to incur costs of Rs 1.50 per unit for freight and Rs 10‚000
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in the population. According to the definition provided by the United Nations‚ megacities are cities with populations of over 10 million (UNFPA‚ 12). Based on this definition‚ it is expected that the number of megacities in the world will be mostly located in the developing world. However‚ the definition of megacities based on the population size is arbitrary given that the population in any given city changes with context and time. In the ancient times‚ for example‚ Rome‚ which has a population
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Topic 6: Management Accounting and Cost Case: Shelter Partnership a. My main learning outcomes from Topic 6 and the Case Study; 1) Firstly‚ I realize management accounting has much to offer. Somehow I can handle physics but not accounting. Now thanks to this course I can appreciate and make sense of it. The bit that really caught my attention was seeing how management accounting can be really useful for business planning‚ cost management‚ budgeting and performance measurement. It offers
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