Contractualism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). [online] Available at: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractualism/ [Accessed: 14 Mar 2012]. John Stuart Mill‚ Utilitarianism‚ Fontana Press 1962. Henry R. West‚ An Introduction to Mill’s Utilitarian Ethics‚ Cambridge 2004.
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types of Utilitarianism; "act" and "rule". An act utilitarian uses thought processes associated with utilitarianism to make all decisions. This requires a lot of thought and careful calculation. For example‚ an act utilitarian deciding from a list of possible day trips would sit down and calculate out the utility of each possible decision before coming to a conclusion as to which one was preferable. Contrary to an act utilitarian‚ a rule utilitarian uses the principles of utility to create a set
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the weakness of the utilitarian on animal and human rights is callous‚ the strength and the weakness of that theory is relation to the issue. The strength of the Utilitarian Peter Singer regarding animal rights‚ and utilitarianism are equalized. Although‚
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Within the subject of ethics‚ there are many concepts‚ arguments‚ and ways of life that are pretty straightforward‚ but ethics can dive into the very deep thoughts into the ways of life and how people should encounter some of the things life throws at us. Ethics might not have the answers to many problems; but based on some of the ethical theories‚ people can begin to think and ponder these problems. Torture is agreeably a touchy or disturbing subject for most and is shunned upon or seen as very
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versions of the utilitarian theory will be described and applied to this specific question to determine whether or not it is morally right or wrong.
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and both the views seem to be right in specific circumstances. Apart from different opinions‚ law of a society has its own views on the issue which cannot be ignored. This paper intends to discuss the issue of abortion along with examining what utilitarian scholars think on the abortion and several other related issues.
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end result of the action is. The function may not be changed or diverted according to the philosophy. It also cannot change when someone does not think about the bigger picture in perspective to the function. On the surface the logic used by utilitarians such as John Stuart Mill‚ is easy to agree with as it appears to be based on common sense. But this logic is flawed. The Principle of Utility is the core of utilitarianism. Its main point is that the "right choice results in the greatest amount
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It would be hard for any person to imagine establishing a life somewhere‚ only to have everything pulled out from underneath them. Imagining this situation is hard‚ but the reality is‚ in the United States‚ this is happening to families of immigrants without official paper work. In the United States‚ it is possible for undocumented immigrants to go unnoticed‚ but it is not unexpected for people and their families to be deported. Moreover‚ it is not unexpected because these families are breaking the
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to. A utilitarian philosophy is used when making social‚ economic or political decisions for the "betterment of society". In utilitarianism‚ an action is considered to have utility only to the extent that it contributes to the overall good. The philosophy of utilitarianism was first proposed and discussed by John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham in the mid-1800s. A philosophy that bases the moral worth of an action upon the number of people it gives happiness or pleasure to. A utilitarian philosophy
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question of whether or not he made the right decision would depend on which theory you consulted. In terms of utilitarianism‚ there is no immediate right answer. The argument could even be made that an act utilitarian and a rule utilitarian would give the man different advice. So an act utilitarian is one that evaluates an action based on its individual effects; that is to say‚ they would perform an action if that specific circumstance would lead to more aggregate pleasure than pain. So in this situation
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