Introduction Phobias aren’t just extreme fears. They are irrational fears of a particular thing. For instance‚ you may be able to ski the world’s tallest mountains with ease but be unable to go above the 5th floor of an office building. (NIMH‚ 1995) Even though adults with phobias realize that these fears are irrational‚ they often find that facing or even thinking about the feared object or situation brings on a panic attack or severe anxiety. Affecting an estimated 6.3 million adult Americans(Lefton
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PHOBIAS A phobia is an excessive or unreasonable fear of an object‚ place or situation. Simple phobias are fears of specific things such as insects‚ infections‚ flying. Agoraphobia is a fear of being in places where one feels "trapped" or unable to get help‚ such as in crowds‚ on a bus‚ or standing in a queue. A social phobia is a marked fear of social or performance situations. Phobias are extremely common. Sometimes they start in childhood for no apparent reason; sometimes they emerge after a
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Discuss Observational Mode and Participatory Mode After I have watched "Mad Hot Ballroom" and "Supersize me"‚ I can see the different between direct cinema and cinema verite . Observational mode is more like direct cinema; it is no narration‚ only a small amount of text to set the time‚ location‚ some context of the scene and unexpected action of characters‚ and even a not predictable ending for filmmaker. Participatory mode makes with Cinema Verite . Filmmakers mostly are one of the characters
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Allan Rex Sandage was an American observational cosmologist‚ who seen as one of the most influential astronomers of the 20th century. He rightfully earned the nicknames “Mr. Cosmology” and the “Super Hubble”‚ as continued and refined the work of Edwin Hubble and made many discoveries of his own along they way‚ including discovering the first quasar and producing the first reasonable estimate for the Hubble Constant (h0). Throughout his career‚ some of Sandage’s notable awards include the Helen B
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EXPLAINING THE IRAN – IRAQ WAR Hostilities and border clashes occurred between Iraqi and Iranian forces before the 22nd of September 1980;[1] however‚ this date marks the official start of an eight year war that has in many ways become the most destructive and the bloodiest conflict since World War Two.[2] On that date the Iraqi government initiated synchronised strikes against Iranian airfields located within the range of its bombers‚ while Iraqi ground forces advanced into the Iranian province
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Blushing and Physiological Arousability in Social Phobia Introduction This paper will provide a critique of the article titled "Blushing and Physiological Arousability in Social Phobia‚" (Gerlach et al.‚ 2001) located in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (Vol. 110‚ No. 2). Blushing is defined as: "to become red in the face especially from shame or embarrassment. " It is believed that blushing involves physiological‚ behavioral‚ and cognitive factors which react with one another. The actual
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Conditioning A phobia can be developed in classical conditioning when you produce a fear tactic with it. Like the example with Little Albert. At the age he was he wasn’t afraid of the rabbit‚ dog‚ or any of the other things they put in front of him. When they kept hitting the pole behind him scaring him over and over he then associated that scary sound with the object in front of him. He also turned on anything that looked like that object. I don’t think that you are born with a phobia of anything
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Learning Objectives The concept of restorative justice has many different branches that one must understand in order to fully grasp the reasoning and objectives of restorative justice. There are many different theories that helped mold the structure and belief in the theory of restorative justice. In this paper we will discuss: - The differences between the structural theory of restorative justice and the instrumental theory of restorative justice. - The concept‚ as well as‚ the
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explanation of phobias Genetic factors One biological explanation for the cause of phobic disorders suggests that we can relate it back to our genetics. This theory values the ‘nature’ side in the nature vs nurture debate. This theory uses twin studies to try and separate genetic factors from environmental factors in order to draw a causal conclusion between genetics and phobias. If a closer concordance rate was found between MZ and DZ twins we could suggest a genetic inheritance for the phobia. Kindler
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Describe and evaluate behavioural treatments for phobias? (10 marks) The behavioural treatments for anxiety disorders such as phobias aim to extinguish the association between the anxiety provoking situations and the patient’s responses to it. This is done in treatment methods such systematic desensitisation and flooding. Within these treatments classical conditioning is used to change your behaviour by associating undesirable behaviour with something unpleasant or associating desirable behaviours
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