providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor. Purpose: What is the purpose of this exercise? To identify and define the structural categories of joints and joint movements‚ as well as discuss the function of the synovial joints in the body. To be able to describe how tearing a tendon affects the muscle it corresponds with. To describe how losing articular cartilage affects the corresponding joint‚ its bones and the associated muscles. Are there any safety concerns
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Separated by an extracellular matrix hardened by deposits of calcium salts Diaphysis Long shaft of compact bone Compact bone Solid and dense‚ found on the surface of the femur Central cavity Yellow marrow Made up of fat Periosteum Tough membrane made up of dense irregular connective tissue covering the outer surface of the bone Epiphyses Enlarged ends Spongy bone Lattice-like‚ resembles a sponge. Found on the inside of the femur Red bone marrow Major site for blood cell production
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categorized by the amount of motion they allow. Some of the joints are fixed‚ like those in the skull‚ allow for no movement. Other joints‚ like those between the vertebrae of the spine‚ allow for some movement. Most of the joints are free moving synovial joints. In this exercise I will exam how joints function and thereby discover how they allow for movement in the body. Are there any safety concerns associated with this exercise? If so‚ list what they are and what precautions should be taken.
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motion of the elbow is limited due to the olecranon of the ulna so that elbow can only extend to 180 degrees. Like most synovial joints‚ a thin layer of articulating cartilage covers the ends of the bones to allow smooth movement. The elbow is surrounded by a joint capsule that provides strength and lubrication to the elbow. The synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane of the joint capsule fills the hollow space between the bones to reduce friction and wear to the joint. Athletes of all
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Review Article RA: Interleukin-6‚ its roles and significance in the pathophysiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune condition principally causing synovial joint inflammation and cartilage erosion. The pathogenesis encompasses intricate cellular and humoural manifestations‚ and vascular reactions that result in the infiltration of the synovium by white blood cells‚ of which release inflammatory mediators‚ inclusive of Interleukin-6
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Synovial joints are comprised of six main properties: Articular cartilage‚ Joint cavity‚ articular capsule‚ Synovial fluid‚ reinforcing ligaments‚ and Nerves and blood vessels. The primary function of articular cartilage is to cushion the joint which in turn prevents damage to the bones. Joint Cavity is the space in-between the bones that contains a small amount of synovial fluid. The articular capsule is made up of dense irregular tissue
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Chapter 5 The Skeletal System Although the word skeleton comes from the Greek word meaning “dried-up body‚” our internal framework is so beautifully designed and engineered that it puts any modern skyscraper to shame. Strong‚ yet light‚ it is perfectly adapted for its functions of body protection and motion. The skeleton is subdivided into two divisions: the axial skeleton‚ the bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body‚ and the appendicular skeleton‚ the bones of the limbs and girdles
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secretions. TYPES OF MEMBRANES 1. Serous Membrane lines the sealed‚ internal cavities of the body. There are three such membranes with each consisting of a simple epithelium supported by loose connective tissue: the pleura lines the pleural cavities and covers the lungs the peritoneum lines the peritoneal cavity and covers the surfaces of enclosed organs such as the liver and stomach the pericardium lines the pericardial cavity and covers the heart. 2. Mucous Membrane is a membrane lining bodily
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as the top 5 ribs‚ need to be somewhat flexible. Structurally‚ how are cartilaginous joints similar? They are all slightly moveable and a piece of cartilage connects the bone ends‚ exeRcise 3: Questions Which type of synovial joint has the least amount of movement? The gliding joint such as the joints between the carpals and tarsals.
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athletes or laborers. Rheumatoid arthritis is when patients have damage to the hip joint from rheumatoid arthritis‚ or ankylosing spondylitis. Rhematoid arthritis actually is an autoimmune disease in which the synovial membrane becomes inflamed. The membrane then produces too much synovial fluid‚ damaging the articular cartilage. Traumatic arthritis could result from a fracture or infected hip. It’s the most common form of the disease. It sometimes results from a serious hip injury or fracture
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