NO SN2 ON A TERTIARY HALOALKANE!! order of reactivity is as follows: Methyl > 1 > 2 Sterically less hindered substrates have faster rates in SN2 Nucleophile: If the reacting atom is the same in a series‚ nucleophilicity parallels basicity (i.e. -OH > -OCH3 > -OCH2CH3 > H2O) For the halogens in GAS PHASE: F- > Cl- > Br- > IFor the halogens in SOLUTION: I- > Br- > Cl- > F- (due to solvation of nucleophile‚ rendering it inactive) Negatively charged nucleophiles give neutral products Neutral nucleophiles
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in DIW -Add 6M NaOH -Suspend damp red litmus -Observe - red litmus turns blue = H4N+ pH test: -Test sample solution with Indicators -2 HSO4 ; 3-5 Al(OH2)63+;4 Cu2+; 5-6 (NH4 ‚ Mg(OH2)62+‚Zn(OH2)62+ ; 7 neutral ions (Ag+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ Ca2+‚) ; 13 OH- ; Test for Cl-: -add 1M HONO2 till solution is acidic test -Add 1 drop of 0.02M AgNO3 to small amount of sample solution -Stir and observe - if solution turns cloudy = Cl- Test for SO42-: ( same as Cl- test but with 0.025M Ba(NO3)2 instead of
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Dhamaa‚ Anjani Putra Pavansut naamaa. You‚ the Divine messenger of Ram and repository of immeasurable strength‚ are also known as Anjaniputra and known as the son of the wind - Pavanputra. Mahabeer Bikram Bajrangi‚ Kumati Nivaar Sumati Ke Sangi. Oh Hanumanji! You are valiant and brave‚ with a body like lightening. You are the dispeller of darkness of evil thoughts and companion of good sense and wisdom. Kanchan Baran Biraaj Subesaa‚ Kanan kundal kunchit kesa. Shri Hanumanji’s physique is golden
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4 of 8 (1 mark) What is the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when aqueous solutions of hypochlorous acid‚ HClO‚ and magnesium hydroxide‚ Mg(OH)2‚ are combined? A. B. C. D. E. 2 HClO(aq) + Mg(OH)2(aq) → Mg(ClO)2(aq) + 2 H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH−(aq) → H2O(l) 2 HClO(aq) + Mg2+(aq) + 2 OH−(aq) → Mg(ClO)2(aq) + 2 H2O(l) HClO(aq) + OH−(aq) → ClO−(aq) + H2O(l) 2 H+(aq) + 2 ClO−(aq) +
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combined together to make the bubbling effect that we had noted. This leaves us with the water molecule with the sodium chloride dissolved in it with the carbon dioxide gas bubbles. 4. NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Na+ + OH- + H+ + Cl- → Na+ + Cl- + H2O(l) OH- + H+ → H2O This reaction with a strong acid‚ as noted‚ released heat‚ which we call an exothermic reaction. 5. BaCl2(aq) + H2SO4 → BaSO4(s) + 2HCl Ba+2 + 2Cl- + 2H+ + SO4-2 → BaSO4(s) + 2H+ + 2Cl- Ba+2 + SO4-2 → BaSO4(s) Here
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Experiment # 8 Qualitative Analysis of Cations Objectives Part I: Separate a mixture of known cations: Pb2+‚ Fe3+‚ Al3+‚ Cu2+‚ and Ca2+ into individual ions. Perform a series of tests to become familiar with reactions characteristic of each cation. Part II: Separate and identify individual cations in an unknown solution containing a mixture of up to five cations. Use information gathered in part I to identify the cations. Introduction Qualitative analysis is a general name for the process
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D G D Bm G A Asus4 A Bm G D G D A D D G D When I am down and‚ oh my soul‚ so weary; D G A Asus4 A When troubles come and my heart burdened be; Bm G D G
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we go again I kinda wanna be more than friends‚ So take it easy on me I’m afraid you’re never satisfied Here we go again We’re sick like animals‚ We play pretend You’re just a cannibal‚ And I’m afraid I wont get out alive No‚ I won’t sleep tonight Oh‚ oh
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cerium nitrate as thorium and cerium source material‚ deionized water as solvent and ammonia gas as precipitant. Cerium was used as a simulator for plutonium and the other actinides with a +4 valency. After co-precipitation the aqueous (Th1ÀxCex)(OH)y Æ nH2O cakes had been dried at 110 °C‚ these powders were separately milled in acetone‚ carbon tetrachloride‚ n-dodecane‚ isopropanol and water before and/or after calcination at different temperatures (300–600 °C). DTA-TG‚ XRD‚ TEM and BET analyses
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Water Technology Hardness of Water: Natural waters containing large quantities of dissolved salts of Calcium (Ca) & Magnesium (Mg) is called hard water. It is a characteristic of preventing lather formation of water with soap. Ca2+ & Mg2+ ions react with soaps which are salts of fatty acids (stearic or palmitic acid) to give insoluble scums or precipitates of calcium or magnesium stearate or palmitate. 2C17H35COO- + Ca2+ → (C17H35COO)2 Ca (scum) 2C17H35COO- + Mg2+ → (C17H35COO)2
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