Aim: The rate at which a reaction occurs‚ or takes place‚ is affected by various factors‚ such as the temperature at which the experiment is conducted in‚ the pressure which is given‚ the surface area which is exposed‚ use of catalysts‚ and the concentration. In this investigation‚ I would be investigating the affect of surface area‚ or particle size‚ in the rate at which a reaction occurs. Background Information: The more finely divided the solid is‚ the faster the reaction happens. A powdered solid
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Diels-Alder reaction was performed in this experiment. Which is a reaction that was discovered by Otto Diels and Kurt Alder. This particular type of reaction is the concerted cycloaddition among a dienophile and a diene. The Diels-Alder reaction allows for the synthesis of stereospecific rings in an efficient manner. This reaction proceed in a single step method‚ otherwise known as Nucleophilic Substitution in the second order (SN2). The Diels-Alder reaction is categorized as a pericyclic reaction‚ this
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Period : 2012-2013 Date performed : 11-03-2013 Date submitted : 02-05-2013 INSTRUCTOR’S NAME : Hoàng Lê Sơn EXPERIMENT 1: CHEMICAL REACTIONS I. INTRODUCTION – OBJECTIVES In this first experiment‚ we will perform 8 chemical reactions and 1 flame test in order to determine 2 things : a) firstly‚ we can know whether a reaction occurred or not. To complete our mission‚ we need to observe carefully some signs of chemical reaction’s appearance such as the change in color of solution
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Factors Affecting Reactions I. Factors Affecting Reactions [545] • Every chemical proceeds at its own rate. • By changing the conditions of the reaction‚ the rate of almost any reaction can be modified. • The rate of a chemical reaction depends upon: o Temperature o Concentration o Particle Size[SA] o Catalyst A. Temperature [545] • Increasing the temperature causes molecules to move faster‚ so there’s an increased chance of them colliding
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1: INTRODUCTION When studying the function of catalysts in reactions during the kinetics unit‚ I was eager to know more about the position of enzymes‚ which function as biological catalysts in biological systems. After doing some further research‚ I found that catalase‚ an enzyme‚ which is found in nearly all living organisms such as animals‚ catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the blood. H2O2 is produced by reactions in the white blood cells in our body to fight against diseases
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The kinetics of the Harcourt-Essen Reaction (Hydrogen peroxide variation) Aims: To find the order of the reaction with respect to the Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)‚ Potassium Iodide (KI) and the Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) by the use of an Iodine clock reaction. Calculate the rate constant‚ mechanism and equation Find the effects of temperature on the rate of reaction The effects of a catalyst on the rate of reaction Find the activation enthalpy (Ea) of the reaction‚ with and without a catalyst Background:
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Grignard Reaction: Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Dominic DiRaimo Lab Partners: Roxana Hernandez Somata Thach TA: Sreya Mukherjee December 5‚ 2013 Introduction Grignard reagents are good nucleophiles as well as strong bases (Weldegirma). It allows compounds to react with acidic compounds‚ therefor is must be free from acids as well as water during the desired reaction. Another important aspect of Grignard reagent is that refluxing is necessary to
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by Georg Wittig in 1954‚ the Wittig reaction is a robust organic synthesis method for preparing stereospecific alkenes. In general‚ Wittig reactions involve an aldehyde or ketone and a Wittig reagent (triphenylphosphonium ylide) and result in the formation of an alkene product and triphenylphosphine oxide (side product). Stereospecific alkene products can be synthesized by adjusting the reaction reagents and conditions. In the 60 years since the Wittig reaction was discovered‚ many articles have
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The Effects that 1%‚ 4%‚ and 16% Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Concentration Had on the Rate of Reaction of Catecholase Enzymes in a Potato (Solanum tuberosum). Abstract Enzymes are a key component of a cell. They make chemical reactions happen faster because they lower the activation energy to make the chemical reaction occur. Most of the time‚ it is best if enzymes produce as efficiently as possible‚ but in some cases it is better if they do not‚ when dealing with potatoes (Solanum tuberosum).
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Mass relationships in a chemical reaction Introduction: The Law of Conservation of Mass dates from Antoine Lavoisier’s 1789 discovery that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. In other words‚ the mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction. If we account for all reactants and products in a chemical reaction‚ the total mass will be the same at any point in time in any closed system. http://www.nature
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