advertisements and playing cards had to be on special stamped paper. In the wake of the Sugar Act‚ which had elicited only fearful warnings against further intrusion‚ resistance to the Stamp Act was stronger. It was triggered by the wealthy‚ English oligarchies‚ politically aware and wishing to defend their acquired status. Patrick Henry’s inflammatory Virginia resolves were partly accepted by an unrepresentative rump of the Virginia assembly‚ and other assemblies began to condemn the Stamp Act. They began
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Weakness of Aristocracy: Aristocracy has‚ in common with monarchy‚ but the evil inherent in all kinds of Aristocracies is that they form a separate interest which is almost certain to come into conflict with the interests of the community. No wise and just principle has so far been devised for the selection of the ruling class‚ and no safeguard has been suggested to ensure that the few will rule in the interests of all and not for their selfish advantage. The privileged persons‚ who are destined
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Why did Athens lose the Peloponnesian Wars? What impact did the wars have on Greece? A good portion of blame for Athens losing the Peloponnesian Wars can be laid at the feet of two men: Alcibiades and the Spartan king‚ Lysander. Alcibiades was the nephew of Pericles. He was very charismatic and the young people of Athens loved him. But he had a glaring flaw; he lost his parents at a young age and became something of a sociopath‚ not caring what his deeds resulted in. As stated before
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equality but not for everyone‚ only for equals. Justice is also inequality but only for the unequals." According to Aristotle‚ justice was a question that focused on the relationship of the state and functioned in either an oligarchy form of government or in a democracy style. In oligarchy‚ which is governed by the few‚ justice rests on inequality where the select few is superior and everyone else is inferior. On the other hand‚ in a democracy equality is valued and the government is run by the many‚ where
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As a political scientist one of the most important questions to ask is‚ “What should the aim of government in society be and why?” To answer this question I will examine the perspectives of three philosophers‚ Thomas Aquinas‚ Thomas Hobbes‚ and John Locke‚ in regards to their views on government’s role and obligation in a society. To understand and define the aim of government in society the best form of government must first be defined. The best form of government will be defined using Plato’s teaching’s
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The Growth of Athens and Sparta What is a city-state? * A political system consisting of an independent city with sovereignity (the ultimate authority in the decision-making) over a fixed surrounding area for which it served as leader of religious‚ political‚ economic‚ and cultural life. * They had developed when earlier tribal systems broke down and splintered groups established themselves as independent nuclei c. 1000–800 B.C. Factors leading to the rise of Greek city-states * The
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Be kind‚ for everyone you meet is fighting a harder battle. –Plato Justice and the challenge of the Sophists The premise of Plato’s Republic is indeed a question of morality‚ as Zeitlin contends (Zeitlan 1997‚ 3)‚ and a direct challenge to the philosophical ideas proposed by the Sophists who assert that subjective truths‚ individualism and self-interest is the basis of human nature‚ and therefore what is moral is relative to ones’ own perception‚ and justice is what serves the individual’s
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ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY – HOW IT ALL BEGAN The majority of countries in history have been ruled by either a monarchy or an oligarchy. A monarchy involves a single individual with a high status ruling over the state or country. An oligarchy is best defined as leadership by a select few. The Greek city states were no different. But it was a Greek city state that first introduced us to a government system of the people‚ for the people‚ by the people – and became the world’s first fully democratic state.
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Do you agree that in modern liberal democratic societies the state is now reduced to being ‘one actor amongst many’ ? In the contemporary world‚ most societies hold a liberal democratic basis. They are governed by political parties for which have been obtained the right to the legal rule through democratic election processes. In that respect‚ a liberal democracy is one that grants power to the government while ensuring limits of its power through a system of checks and balances. It may be described
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this structure for example‚ king‚ nobles‚ and people; but in today’s modern society we have CEO‚ elected officials and citizens. Each political structure is different combinations of three areas " despotism‚ oligarchy‚ or a democracy". In a democracy the citizens are most important; in an oligarchy the power belongs to small groups of leaders; and in despotism only one person holds all the power. Spencer thought that the degree of power given to the political structure of a society was based on two
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