GSK operates in an oligopolistic market. It is highly cash generative‚ with increased sales growth and shareholder returns. (Oligopoly) 3. Its main competitor is American pharmaceutical giant‚ Pfizer. Financially‚ GSK is not the best performer (with $108 bn compared to Pfizer’s $161 bn)‚ but it manages to differentiate itself‚ which is the key to success in an oligopoly‚ through a number of strategies which we will explore in this paper. (Pfizer) Vulnerability 1. Business vulnerability is
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1a) Explain how the different features of monopolistic competition and oligopoly affect price and output determination in these market structures. Both monopolistic competition (MPC) and oligopoly generally determine price and output based on the profit-maximising condition that marginal cost (MC) equals to marginal revenue (MR). Due to the different features of both monopolistic competition and oligopoly such as the barriers to entry (BTE)‚ which affects the number of sellers as well as market
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Energy Policy 39 (2011) 603–612 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Energy Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol Impact of oil price shocks on selected macroeconomic variables in Nigeria Akin Iwayemi 1‚ Babajide Fowowe n Department of Economics‚ University of Ibadan‚ Ibadan‚ Nigeria a r t i c l e in f o Article history: Received 14 January 2010 Accepted 20 October 2010 Available online 11 November 2010 Keywords: Oil price shocks Nonlinear models Nigeria abstract
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“Explain the characteristics of perfect competition‚ monopoly and oligopoly and consider the usefulness of these models in understanding business activity in the UK economy.” Introduction Definitions of • Perfect competition • Monopoly • Oligopoly Perfect Competition: - All Firms sell an identical product - All firms are price takers - All firms have a relatively small market share - Buyers know the nature of the
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should be fully rewarded. 1. (a) Explain the differences between monopolistic competition and oligopoly as market structures. [10 marks] • large number of firms (m.c) versus a few dominant firms (oligopoly) • differentiated product (m.c) versus differentiated or standardized (oligopoly) • low barriers to entry (m.c) versus high barriers to entry (oligopoly) • interdependence of firms in oligopoly • comparison of the demand curves Examiners should be aware that candidates may take a different
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Have you ever wondered how industries are determined oligopolies or monopolies? In this paper I will discuss how concentration ratios are used to determine total market shares within four specific industries. I will also discuss the levels of competition within those industries and how oligopolies can benefit society. Case‚ Fare‚ and Oster defines concentration ratio as the share of industry output in sales or employment accounted for by the top firms (2009). They are used to measure
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the fuel the pace of the development of any country will be hampered drastically. The world history has witnessed how the oil price shock in the global market has created inconvenience for all of the countries more than once since the emergence of OPEC (Oil and Petroleum Exporting Countries) Union. In recent time‚ the world is experiencing severe fluctuation in the prices of oil. The price of oi l showed huge increase since the beginning of the twenty first century. But the prices of oil reached
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market structures and consist of sellers and buyers‚ all of which drive our economy and workforce here in America and around the world. Describe each market structure discussed in the course (perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ oligopoly‚ and monopoly) and discuss two of the market characteristics of each market structure. Perfect competition is the situation in a market (based on six assumptions)‚ (1) where the elements of a monopoly are non-existent‚ (2) consisting of numerous
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Economic theory usually differentiates across the four major types of market structure: monopoly‚ oligopoly‚ monopolistic competition‚ and perfect competition. Although the list of market structures can be virtually unlimited‚ these four types are considered to be the basis for understanding the principles of market performance in different market conditions. Each of the four types of market structures possesses its benefits and drawbacks. In any of these markets‚ an entrepreneur can develop a strategy
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Which industries are characterized by a high level of competition? Which industries are characterized by a low level of competition? Define oligopolies and identify which of the listed industries qualify as oligopolies? Name and describe some of the firms that operate in the listed industries that qualify as oligopolies. Discuss whether or not oligopolies are always bad for society‚ using examples from the firms I describe. Firms in highly competitive industry face a lot of challenges. Barriers
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