price volitility = the volatility of some commodities have to be taken in account and show that there are a lot of merger of those activities -Oil and gas sector : sector in which there is a lot of activity‚ merger activities whatever is happening -OPEC : organisation of oil activity -Cartel : monopoly -Cartel politics : are responsible of the volatility of oil during the 70’s – 90’s period -Financing innovations : nothing to do with specific industry = availibility of money. For merger‚ we need
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Table of Contents Crude oil......................................................................................................................................1 Ancient Civilisation ...................................................................................................................1 Politics of Black Gold.................................................................................................................1 Physical attributes of crude ...........................
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Saudi Arabia. First is the emergence and growth in importance of OPEC countries‚ followed by an increase in production from non-OPEC countries. Second is the commoditization of oil and its effect on oil prices. Lastly is the power and importance of state-run oil companies‚ notably Saudi Arabia’s Aramco. One of the factors that control the price of oil is the artificial amount of oil supply that is managed by OPEC nations. The OPEC cartel is an intergovernmental organization of 12 oil-producing
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What is the literature of state centric realism? What are the challenges of this state centric realism? Transnational relationships State Centric realism Actors as states in the stage that is the world. States are the only important actors. Mixed actor system- What characteristics define an actor‚ what allows us to say that particular group is an actor‚ while another is not‚ what makes an actor significant? Traditional view on international relations‚ which does rely on states‚ and
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Contents Introduction Table .1 OPEC Graph.1 Major Natural gas producers Graph.2 Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) Natural gas Demand & Price Natural gas could be the 100% replacement of crude oil’ Conclusion 1. Introduction
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Outline 1. What is oil 2. Petroleum industry 3. Domestic and industrial usage of oil 4. Middle eastern oil 5. OPEC 6. Role of Saudi Arabia‚ Venezuela 7. US consumption of oil - 1/4th of total oil 8. War for oil - Iraq War‚ War on terror 9. Oil as a weapon by Arabs‚ Arab Israeli Conflict‚ Central America 10. Political Greed 11. Pipeline diplomacey Baku-Tiblisi-Ceyhan 12. The politics of oil nationalization 13. New alternatives ethnol
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Plaintiffs - Appellants v. CITGO PETROLEUM CORPORATION; SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY‚ doing business as Saudi Aramco; Defendants - Appellees. UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT. 632 F.3d 938 (2011) Facts: Gasoline retailers accused the OPEC member nations of fix pricing of crude oil and refined petroleum products in the US. The appellants argued that the district court mischaracterized their complaint as alleging a conspiracy among sovereign nations to fix prices via production. They
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caused by two different energy crisis. The cause of the energy crisis was due to the 1973 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Oil Embargo‚ 1979 Iranian Revolution‚ the United States increase consumption of gas‚ and it’s dependency on foreign oil. Although the energy crisis lasted only seven years it left many changes within the country. In 1973‚ OPEC placed an oil embargo on the United States and any other country that tried to help Israel because of our “ decision to re-supply the
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OIL BOOM The Arab oil boom took place after the 1967 war. The 1973 oil crisis began on October 17‚ 1973‚ when Arab members of the OPEC‚ during the Yom Kippur War‚ announced that they would no longer ship petroleum to nations that had supported Israel. This included the United States and its allies in Western Europe. At around this same time‚ the OPEC members agreed to use their leverage over the world price-setting mechanism for oil in order to quadruple world oil prices. The dependence
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through credibility. The opposing party’s belief that you have power and will use it makes them take you seriously. It makes them respond to you‚ and the interest you are pursuing. For example‚ the United States wants more oil production from the OPEC nations. The U.S. has power‚ as mentioned before‚ and credibility based on its world power status. OPEC’s response will be based on this credibility along with the U.S.’s capability. What the United States has and can do reestablishes the country’s
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